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1771 in Canada
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Events from the year 1771 in Canada.
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Incumbents
Governors
Events
- July 17 – Massacre at Bloody Falls: Chipewyan chief Matonabbee traveling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his Arctic overland journey, massacre a group of unsuspecting Inuit.
- Captain James Cook completes his first voyage around the world.
- Lieutenant Governor Michael Francklin of Nova Scotia travels to northern England to seek immigrants to replace those displaced by the Acadian expulsion.
Births
- January 19: Thomas Talbot, army and militia officer, settlement promoter, office holder, and politician (d.1853)
- June 20: Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, colonizer and author (d.1820)
Full date unknown
- James Bardin Palmer, land agent, lawyer, office holder, and politician (d.1833)
Deaths
- December 23 : Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, grey nun (b.1701)
Historical documents
Summarize
Perspective
Quebec landslide caused by underground water flow buries carriage, horses and driver, and house and barn, and forms 3-acre bank blocking river[2]
Reward of 200 Spanish dollars for information leading to conviction of "murderers" of district deputy provost marshal Jacob Rowe[3]
Reward of $8 offered for return of "a Sailor Negro Slave named Pompey[...]lately bought of Mr. Perras, Merchant" in Quebec City[4]
Just paid, Pointe-aux-Trembles woman stops robber by throwing money into snow, at which he lays down pistols to pick up cash and she shoots him[5]
Mr. Prenties's Long Room will be venue for public concert and ball with tea, coffee and cards; tickets ($1) available from Band of the 10th Regiment[6]
Cryptic news from Montreal mentions "greatest Harmony and the best Understanding[...]between both Sexes [and] Black and White mingling together"[7]
Reward for lost "Pinchbeck chased" watch with "a Steel Chain and two Cornelian Seals, one a Bust set in Gold, the other a Ship set in Pinchbeck"[8]
Newfoundland governor has "fresh instructions" to deny French cod fishers' claims to harbours, fishing works etc. (and salmon and whaling rights)[9]
George Cartwright describes Inuit snow house (complete with skylight and interior icicles that in lamp light form "radiant diamonds")[10]
"I was greatly pleased with their method" - Cartwright on Inuit way to cure codfish without salt (called "pipshy" or "jerking;" note: C. calls Inuit "Indians")[11]
"The most perfect good humour prevailed" - Cartwright watches Inuit women dressing skins, jerking fish, making clothing etc. as they sing and dance[12]
Samuel Hearne's Indigenous companions massacre Inuit along Coppermine River ("Bloody Falls")[13]
Hearne explains what makes their women attractive to "Northern Indians," and notes extremes of hardship (including punishment) women endure[14]
Hearne finds few people live in region just west of Hudson Bay because they know some areas will not even support travellers just passing through[15]
Hearne witnesses attempts to cure illness of Indigenous people by what he calls "conjurers," and regrets making fun of them[16]
Hearne describes source and uses of copper by "Copper Indians" (plus story of woman who introduced copper to them)[17]
Hearne gives "the real state and œconomy" of beavers, contradicting many falsehoods published by other writers (plus note on beavers as pets)[18]
Hearne describes deer pound, which can be 1 mile around with entrance funnel 2–3 miles long, and states opinion on users' affluence and indolence[19]
"Every thing they make is executed with a neatness not to be excelled by the most expert mechanic" - Northern Indians' small canoe and its uses[20]
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References
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