1806 in Germany

Events from the year 1806 in Germany.

← 1805 1804 1803 1806 in Germany → 1807 1808 1809
Decades:	1800s 1810s 1820s
See also:	Other events of 1806 History of Germany  • Timeline  • Years

Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 1792 – 6 August 1806)

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)^[1]
• Kingdom of Bavaria
  • Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825)^[2]
• Kingdom of Saxony
  • Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827)^[3]
• Kingdom of Württemberg
  • Frederick I (22 December 1797 – 30 October 1816)^[4]

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden
  • Charles Frederick (25 July 1806 – 10 June 1811)
• Grand Duke of Hesse
  • Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)^[5]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)^[5]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • Charles II (2 June 1794 – 6 November 1816)^[6]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 1785 – 2 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.^[7]
  • Peter I (2 July 1823 – 21 May 1829)^[7]
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
  • Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 1787 – 1860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 – 28 April 1807)^[8]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 – 19 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 1802 – 1 January 1851)^[9]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 – 29 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 – 24 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold III (16 December 1751 – 9 August 1817)^[10]
• Duke of Brunswick
  • Frederick William (16 October 1806 – 16 June 1815)^[11]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick^[5]
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  • Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826)^[12]
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 1803 – 20 September 1866)^[13]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 – 25 March 1816)^[14]

Events

• 1 January – The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
• 12 July – Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine; Liechtenstein is given full sovereignty, leading to the collapse of the Empire after 844 years.
• 6 August – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
• 25 September – Prussia issues an ultimatum to Paris, threatening war if France does not halt marching its troops through Prussian territory to reach Austria; the message does not reach Napoleon Bonaparte until 7 October, and he responds by attacking Prussia.^[15]
• 8 October – Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.^[15]
• 9 October – Battle of Schleiz: French and Prussian forces fight for the first time since the war began. The Prussian army is easily defeated, by a more numerous French force.
• 10 October – Battle of Saalfeld
• 14 October – Battle of Jena–Auerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena, while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
• 16 October – Capitulation of Erfurt
• 17 October – Battle of Halle
• 24 October – French forces enter Berlin.
• 25 October – 8 November – Siege of Magdeburg
• 28 October – Battle of Prenzlau
• 29 October – Capitulation of Pasewalk
• 30 October – Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
• 1 November – Battle of Waren-Nossentin
• 6 November – Battle of Lübeck
• 7–22 November – Siege of Hamelin
• 21 November – Berlin Decree

Births

• 1 January – Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic-German chess player (died 1853)
• 13 January – Eugen Napoleon Neureuther, German painter and illustrator (died 1882)
• 18 February – Eduard Heis, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1877)
• 6 April – Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (died 1876)
• 12 June – John Augustus Roebling, German-American engineer (died 1869)
• 22 July – Johann Kaspar Zeuss, German historian and philologist (died 1856)

Max Stirner

• 25 October – Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)
• 23 November – Philipp Hoffmann, German architect and builder (died 1869)
• 11 December – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (died 1886)

Deaths

• 6 January – Jean Henri Riesener, German furniture designer (born 1734)
• 3 March – Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet and editor (born 1744)
• 23 August – Johann Eleazar Zeissig, German genre, portrait and porcelain painter, and engraver (born 1737)
• 10 October – Therese Maron, German painter active in Rome (born 1725)
• 10 October – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (born 1772)

Date unknown

• Johann Gottfried Arnold, German cellist (born 1773)