ADH4

Alcohol dehydrogenase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADH4 gene.^[5]

ADH4
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3COS
Identifiers
Aliases	ADH4, ADH-2, HEL-S-4, alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (class II), pi polypeptide
External IDs	OMIM: 103740; MGI: 1349472; HomoloGene: 20162; GeneCards: ADH4; OMA:ADH4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human)[1] Band 4q23 Start 99,123,657 bp[1] End 99,157,792 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] Band 3|3 G3 Start 138,121,227 bp[2] End 138,136,653 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in jejunal mucosa right lobe of liver duodenum buccal mucosa cell sperm cerebellar vermis cardia pylorus body of tongue external globus pallidus Top expressed in left lobe of liver duodenum spermatocyte spermatid zona reticularis jejunum interventricular septum morula seminiferous tubule adrenal cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function benzaldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+ activity] all-trans retinal binding NADPH:quinone reductase activity alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity NAD binding zinc ion binding metal ion binding oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor retinol binding oxidoreductase activity alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent NAD-retinol dehydrogenase activity ethanol binding S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase activity Cellular component cytoplasm nucleus cytosol Biological process quinone metabolic process retinol metabolic process retinoid metabolic process cellular aldehyde metabolic process alcohol catabolic process ethanol metabolic process alcohol metabolic process ethanol oxidation formaldehyde catabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 127 26876 Ensembl ENSG00000198099 ENSMUSG00000037797 UniProt P08319 Q9QYY9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000670 NM_001306171 NM_001306172 NM_011996 RefSeq (protein) NP_000661 NP_001293100 NP_001293101 NP_036126 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 99.12 – 99.16 Mb Chr 3: 138.12 – 138.14 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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This gene encodes class II alcohol dehydrogenase 4 pi subunit, which is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family. Members of this enzyme family metabolize a wide variety of substrates, including ethanol, retinol, other aliphatic alcohols, hydroxysteroids, and lipid peroxidation products. Class II alcohol dehydrogenase is a homodimer composed of 2 pi subunits. It exhibits a high activity for oxidation of long-chain aliphatic alcohols and aromatic alcohols and is less sensitive to pyrazole. This gene is localized to chromosome 4 in the cluster of alcohol dehydrogenase genes.^[5]

There is evidence that ancestors of modern humans developed the ADH4 producing gene some 10 million years ago. This probably helped them to take advantage of rotting fruit as they shifted to a terrestrial lifestyle.^[6]