ARIA (cipher)

In cryptography, ARIA is a block cipher^[1] designed in 2003 by a large group of South Korean researchers.^[2] In 2004, the Korean Agency for Technology and Standards selected it as a standard cryptographic technique.

ARIA

General
First published	2003
Derived from	AES
Certification	South Korean standard
Cipher detail
Key sizes	128, 192, or 256 bits
Block sizes	128 bits
Structure	Substitution–permutation network
Rounds	12, 14, or 16
Best public cryptanalysis
Meet-in-the-middle attack on 8 rounds with data complexity 256

The algorithm uses a substitution–permutation network structure based on AES. The interface is the same as AES: 128-bit block size with key size of 128, 192, or 256 bits. The number of rounds is 12, 14, or 16, depending on the key size. ARIA uses two 8×8-bit S-boxes and their inverses in alternate rounds; one of these is the Rijndael S-box.

The key schedule processes the key using a 3-round 256-bit Feistel cipher, with the binary expansion of 1/π as a source of "nothing up my sleeve numbers".

Implementations

The reference source code of ARIA cipher implemented in C, C++, and Java can be downloaded from KISA's cryptography use activation webpage.^[3]

Standardization

• KATS
  • KS X 1213:2004
• IETF
  • Algorithm
    • RFC 5794: A Description of the ARIA Encryption Algorithm
  • TLS/SSL
    • RFC 6209: Addition of the ARIA Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS)
  • SRTP
    • RFC 8269: The ARIA Algorithm and Its Use with the Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol (SRTP)

Security

• A. Biryukov; C. De Cannière; J. Lano; B. Preneel; S. B. Örs (January 7, 2004). Security and Performance Analysis of ARIA (PDF) (Report). Version 1.2—Final Report. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Retrieved 2024-05-28.
• Wenling Wu; Wentao Zhang; Dengguo Feng (2006). "Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis of ARIA and Camellia". Cryptology ePrint Archive. Retrieved January 19, 2007.
• Xuehai Tang; Bing Sun; Ruilin Li; Chao Li (March 30, 2010). "A Meet-in-the-Middle Attack on ARIA". Cryptology ePrint Archive. Retrieved April 24, 2010.