ASIC2

Acid-sensing ion channel 2 (ASIC2) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 1, neuronal (ACCN1) or brain sodium channel 1 (BNaC1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIC2 gene. The ASIC2 gene is one of the five paralogous genes that encode proteins that form trimeric acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in mammals.^[5] The cDNA of this gene was first cloned in 1996.^[6][7][8][9] The ASIC genes have splicing variants that encode different proteins that are called isoforms.

ASIC2
Identifiers
Aliases	ASIC2, ACCN, ACCN1, ASIC2a, BNC1, BNaC1, MDEG, hBNaC1, acid sensing ion channel subunit 2
External IDs	OMIM: 601784; MGI: 1100867; HomoloGene: 137202; GeneCards: ASIC2; OMA:ASIC2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q11.2-q12 Start 33,013,087 bp[1] End 34,174,964 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 B5|11 48.43 cM Start 80,770,995 bp[2] End 81,859,283 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in prefrontal cortex cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex Brodmann area 9 cerebellar cortex cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum Brodmann area 10 Brodmann area 46 orbitofrontal cortex Top expressed in perirhinal cortex entorhinal cortex CA3 field primary motor cortex dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus primary visual cortex central gray substance of midbrain paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus cingulate gyrus lateral hypothalamus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function ion gated channel activity sodium channel activity ion channel activity protein binding cation channel activity ligand-gated sodium channel activity acid-sensing ion channel activity Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane plasma membrane dendritic spine integral component of plasma membrane synapse soma neuron projection Biological process chemical synaptic transmission positive regulation of synapse assembly peripheral nervous system development sodium ion transmembrane transport detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception sodium ion transport regulation of membrane potential regulation of ion transmembrane transport response to mechanical stimulus negative regulation of apoptotic process cation transport hearing sensory perception of sour taste ion transport cation transmembrane transport central nervous system development ion transmembrane transport regulation of vasoconstriction protein localization to synapse response to acidic pH phototransduction regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by aortic arch baroreceptor feedback Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 40 11418 Ensembl ENSG00000108684 ENSMUSG00000020704 UniProt Q16515 Q925H0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_183377 NM_001094 NM_001034013 NM_007384 RefSeq (protein) NP_001085 NP_899233 NP_001029185 NP_031410 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 33.01 – 34.17 Mb Chr 11: 80.77 – 81.86 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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These genes are mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system.

ASICs can form both homotrimeric (meaning composed of three identical subunits) and heterotrimeric channels.^[10][11]

Structure and function

This gene encodes a member of the ASIC/ENaC superfamily of proteins.^[12] The members of this family are amiloride-sensitive sodium channels that contain intracellular N and C termini, 2 hydrophobic transmembrane (TM) regions, and a large extracellular loop, which has many cysteine residues with conserved spacing. The TM regions are generally symbolized as TM1 (clone to N-terminus) and TM2 (close to C-terminus).

The pore of the channel through which ions selectively flow from the extracellular side into the cytoplasm is formed by the three TM2 regions of the trimer.^[5]