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Bansiot
Archaic letter of the Korean alphabet Hangul From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Bansiot (letter: ㅿ; name: 반시옷), sometimes called samgakhyeong (삼각형; lit. triangle),[1] is an archaic consonant letter of the Korean alphabet, Hangul. In Unicode, its name is spelled pansios, following the ISO/TR 11941 romanization system.[2] Its sound value is disputed, but most scholars believe it to have been the voiced alveolar fricative [z] in Middle Korean.[3] It fell out of use around the late 16th century, as its corresponding phoneme disappeared from the language.
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ㅿ was a voiced equivalent of ㅅ.[4][5] Its use was generally restricted to the word medial position (i.e. not the initial or final consonant of a word), although it was sometimes used as the first initial consonant of a word.[6] It was used in the initial position to represent some Late Middle Chinese sounds, like ᅀᅵᆯ (日; lit. 'day') or ᅀᅵᆫ (人; lit. 'man'); when used for such cases, its Sino-Korean pronunciation was possibly [ʐ].[7] Early Hangul texts sometimes used it similarly to the saisiot; for example, 太子 ㅿ 位 ([tajdza ㅿ we]; lit. 'the prince's position') appears in Yongbiŏch'ŏn'ga. This type of usage eventually disappeared.[8]
ㅿ fell out of significant use to represent Korean by around the 1570s to 1580s. By this point, its corresponding phoneme had disappeared out of the language.[4] In many cases, its sound simply ceased to be used in words; for example, Middle Korean ᄆᆞᅀᆞᆶ (lit. 'village') has since become 마을 in modern Standard Korean.[9] In a subset of cases, the loss of ㅿ across adjacent vowels resulted in a simpler word with a long vowel. For example, 기ᅀᅳᆷ〮 → 김 (lit. 'gim').[10] In rare cases, it was replaced with a ㅅ.[9] Its role eventually came to be replaced by ㅇ.[4] It continued to see some limited use for the transcription of foreign languages thereafter.[11]
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