Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture

Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture^[3] is an autonomous prefecture in the southeastern Xinjiang, China. It borders Gansu to the east, Qinghai to the southeast and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the south. It is the largest prefecture-level division nationally, with an area of 471,480 km² (182,040 sq mi), which is even larger than its neighboring province of Gansu. The prefectural capital is Korla. Despite being designated an autonomous area for Mongols in China, only about four percent of Bayingolin's population is Mongol.

Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
Autonomous prefecture
Name transcription(s)
• Chinese	巴音郭楞蒙古自治州
• Uyghur	بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
• Mongolian	ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ
• Oirat	ᡋᠠᡕᠠᠨᡎᡆᠯ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᡓᡇᡉ
Bayanbulak grassland in Hejing County
Bayingolin (red) in Xinjiang (orange)
Coordinates: 42°N 86°E
Country	China
Autonomous region	Xinjiang
Prefectural seat	Korla
Area [1]
• Total	471,480.28 km2 (182,039.55 sq mi)
Population  (2020)
• Total	1,509,233
• Density	3.2/km2 (8.3/sq mi)
GDP[2]
• Total	CN¥ 152.0 billion US$ 22.6 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 100,143 US$ 14,889
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 code	CN-XJ-28
Website	www.xjbz.gov.cn

Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
Chinese name
Chinese	巴音郭楞蒙古自治州
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bāyīnguōléng Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu Wade–Giles Pa¹-yin¹-kuo¹-lêng² Mêng³-ku³ Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-chou¹ other Mandarin Xiao'erjing بَاءٍقُوَلٍْ مٍْ‌قُ زِجِ‌جِوْ‎
Abbreviation
Chinese	巴音郭楞州 / 巴州
Literal meaning	Bayingolin Prefecture
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bāyīnguōléng Zhōu / Bāzhōu
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic	Баянгол - Монголын өөртөө засах жуу
Mongolian script	ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ
Transcriptions SASM/GNC Bayanγool mongγol öbertegen ǰasaqu ǰëü
Uyghur name
Uyghur	بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Bayingholin Mongghol Aptonom Oblasti Yengi Yeziⱪ Bayingⱨolin Mongƣul Aptonom 'Oblasti Siril Yëziqi Байиңһолин Моңғул Аптоном 'Области
Oirat name
Oirat	ᡋᠠᡕᠠᠨᡎᡆᠯ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᡓᡇᡉ Bayanɣol Mongɣol Eberēn Zasaxu J̌uu

Bayingolin
Chinese name
Chinese	巴音郭楞
Literal meaning	rich river (from Mongolian)
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bāyīnguōléng other Mandarin Xiao'erjing بَاءٍقُوَلٍْ‎
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic	Баянгол
Mongolian script	ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ
Transcriptions SASM/GNC Bayanγool
Uyghur name
Uyghur	بايىنغولىن‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Bayingholin Yengi Yeziⱪ Bayingⱨolin Siril Yëziqi Байиңһолин
Oirat name
Oirat	ᡋᠠᡕᠠᠨᡎᡆᠯ Bayanɣol

History

In a 2017 announcement from officials in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, it was proclaimed that "there is a severe threat from international terrorism, and cars have been used as a key means of transport for terrorists as well as constantly serving as weapons. It is therefore necessary to monitor and track all vehicles in the prefecture."^[4]

Demographics

According to the 2020 census, Bayingolin has 1,056,970 inhabitants (population density: 2.28 per km²).

As of 2020, 53.3% of the 1,509,233 residents of the county were Han Chinese, 36.4% were Uyghur, 5.3% were Hui and 4.0% were Mongol.^[5]

Ethnic groups in Bayingolin

When Bayingolin was established in 1954, Mongols comprised 35 per cent of the prefecture's population.^[6] Due to development needs and migration, the Han population increased from 1,682 in the region of Bayingolin in 1947 to over 660,000 in 2004.^[7][8]

Population by ethnicity

Nationality	2000[9]		2010[10]		2015[11]
	Population	%	Population	%	Population	%
Han Chinese	607,774	58.05%	757,983	59.29%	826,063	59.27%
Uyghur	345,595	33.01%	406,942	31.83%	440,283	31.59%
Hui	52,252	4.99%	60,451	4.73%	64,979	4.66%
Mongol	43,544	4.16%	43,484	3.40%	50,091	3.59%
Tujia			2,336	0.18%
Miao			1,362	0.11%
Dongxiang			1,148	0.09%
Kazakhs			1,091	0.09%
Manchu			888	0.07%
Other	7,805	0.74%	2,801	0.22%	12,396	0.89%
Total	1,046,970	100%	1,278,486	100%	1,393,812	100%

Subdivisions

Bayin'gholin directly controls one county-level city, seven counties and one Hui autonomous county.

Korla (city) Luntai County Yuli County Ruoqiang County Qiemo County Yanqi County Hejing County Hoxud County Bohu County
Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Uyghur (UEY)	Uyghur Latin (ULY)	Mongolian	Mongolian (Cyrillic) (Pinyin)	Population (2020 Census)	Area (km2)	Density (/km2)
Korla[12]	库尔勒市	Kù'ěrlè Shì	كورلا شەھىرى	Korla Shehiri	ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ	Хорол хот Qorol qota	779,352	7,378	105.63
Luntai County[12] (Bügür)	轮台县	Lúntái Xiàn	بۈگۈر ناھىيىسى	Bügür Nahiyisi	ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Бүгүр шянь Büqür siyan	137,327	14,182	9.68
Yuli County[12] (Lopnur)	尉犁县	Yùlí Xiàn	لوپنۇر ناھىيىسى	Lopnur Nahiyisi	ᠯᠣᠪᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Лобнуур шянь Lobnaγur siyan	101,866	59,192	1.72
Ruoqiang County[12] (Charqilik)	若羌县	Ruòqiāng Xiàn	چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى	Chaqiliq Nahiyisi	ᠴᠠᠺᠢᠯᠢᠺ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ	Чакилик шянь Čaqaliq siyan	43,045	198,322	0.22
Qiemo County[12] (Cherchen)	且末县	Qiěmò Xiàn	چەرچەن ناھىيىسى	Cherchen Nahiyisi	ᠴᠧᠷᠴᠧᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Черчен шянь Čerčen siyan	69,236	138,665	0.50
Hejing County[12]	和静县	Héjìng Xiàn	خېجىڭ ناھىيىسى	Xéjing Nahiyisi	ᠾᠧᠵᠢᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Хэжин шянь Hëǰing siyan	147,859	34,979	4.23
Hoxud County[12]	和硕县	Héshuò Xiàn	خوشۇت ناھىيىسى	Xoshut Nahiyisi	ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Хошууд шянь Qušud siyan	59,299	12,740	4.65
Bohu County[12]	博湖县	Bóhú Xiàn	باغراش ناھىيىسى	Baghrash Nahiyisi	ᠪᠣᠰᠲᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Бостнуур шянь Busdunaγur siyan	48,288	3,593	13.44
Yanqi Hui Autonomous County	焉耆回族自治县	Yānqí Huízú Zìzhìxiàn	يەنجى خۇيزۇ ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى	Yenji Xuyzu Aptonom Nahiyisi	ᠶᠠᠨᠼᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠩ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ	Яньци - Хотон өөртөө засах шянь Yanči qotong öbertegen ǰasaqu siyan	122,961	2,429	52.62

Notable persons

• Mihrigul Tursun

See also

• China portal

• Lop Nur
• Torghut