CALHM1

Calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) is a pore-forming subunit of a voltage-gated ion channel and a voltage-gated ATP channel that in humans is encoded by the CALHM1 gene.^[5][6]

CALHM1
Identifiers
Aliases	CALHM1, FAM26C, calcium homeostasis modulator 1
External IDs	OMIM: 612234; MGI: 3643383; HomoloGene: 55508; GeneCards: CALHM1; OMA:CALHM1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human)[1] Band 10q24.33 Start 103,453,240 bp[1] End 103,458,900 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19|19 C3 Start 47,129,348 bp[2] End 47,132,693 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell prefrontal cortex external globus pallidus pars compacta superior vestibular nucleus Brodmann area 9 right frontal lobe occipital lobe Brodmann area 23 superior frontal gyrus n/a More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function voltage-gated calcium channel activity calcium activated cation channel activity calcium channel activity voltage-gated ion channel activity identical protein binding Cellular component integral component of membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane endoplasmic reticulum Biological process sensory perception of umami taste ATP transport regulation of ion transmembrane transport cation transport ion transport sensory perception of bitter taste calcium ion transmembrane transport sensory perception of sweet taste protein homooligomerization sensory perception of taste calcium ion transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 255022 546729 Ensembl ENSG00000185933 ENSMUSG00000079258 UniProt Q8IU99 D3Z291 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001001412 NM_001081271 RefSeq (protein) NP_001001412 NP_001074740 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 103.45 – 103.46 Mb Chr 19: 47.13 – 47.13 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

Central nervous system

CALHM1 was identified by a tissue-specific gene expression profiling approach^[7] that screened for genes located on susceptibility loci for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that are preferentially expressed in the hippocampus,^[5] a brain region affected early in AD. CALHM1 is a plasma membrane calcium-permeable ion channel regulated by voltage and extracellular calcium levels.^[8] The exact function of CALHM1 in the brain is not completely understood, but studies have shown that CALHM1 controls neuronal intracellular calcium homeostasis and signaling, as well as calcium-dependent neuronal excitability and memory in mouse models.^[8][9][10] Recent data have also shown that CALHM1 might facilitate the proteolytic degradation of the cerebral amyloid beta peptide, a culprit in AD pathogenesis.^[11]

Peripheral taste system

CALHM1 is expressed in taste bud cells where it controls purinergic receptor-mediated taste transduction in the gustatory system.^[12][13]

See also

• Ruthenium red