CXXC5

CXXC-type zinc finger protein 5 is a protein that is encoded by the CXXC5 gene in humans.^[5][6][7][8]

CXXC5
Identifiers
Aliases	CXXC5, CF5, RINF, WID, HSPC195, CXXC finger protein 5
External IDs	OMIM: 612752; MGI: 1914643; HomoloGene: 9517; GeneCards: CXXC5; OMA:CXXC5 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human)[1] Band 5q31.2 Start 139,647,299 bp[1] End 139,683,882 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] Band 18|18 B2 Start 35,962,450 bp[2] End 35,994,741 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in pancreatic ductal cell renal medulla inferior ganglion of vagus nerve Medulla Oblongata ventral tegmental area superior vestibular nucleus Cerebellum nasal epithelium Pons cerebellar hemisphere Top expressed in Epithelium of choroid plexus tail of embryo lens ciliary body iris cerebellar cortex epithelium of lens islet of Langerhans Rostral migratory stream vestibular membrane of cochlear duct More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function sequence-specific DNA binding DNA binding zinc ion binding transcription factor binding protein binding signal transducer activity metal ion binding Cellular component nucleus nucleoplasm cytoplasm cytosol Biological process positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 51523 67393 Ensembl ENSG00000171604 ENSMUSG00000046668 UniProt Q7LFL8 Q91WA4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_016463 NM_001317199 NM_001317200 NM_001317201 NM_001317202 NM_001317203 NM_001317204 NM_001317205 NM_001317206 NM_001317207 NM_001317208 NM_001317209 NM_001317210 NM_001317211 NM_133687 NM_001357458 NM_001357459 RefSeq (protein) NP_001304128 NP_001304129 NP_001304130 NP_001304131 NP_001304132 NP_001304133 NP_001304134 NP_001304135 NP_001304136 NP_001304137 NP_001304138 NP_001304139 NP_001304140 NP_057547 NP_598448 NP_001344387 NP_001344388 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 139.65 – 139.68 Mb Chr 18: 35.96 – 35.99 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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As indicated by its name, the CXXC5 plays a role as a transcription factor in the nucleus of cells, and involved in myelopoiesis, endothelial differentiation, vessel formation, and oligodendrocyte differentiation.^[9][10][7]

The CXXC5 is also characterized as a negative feedback regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway functioning by direct interaction with the Dishevelled (Dvl) protein in the cytosol.^{[6][9][11][12][13]} The cytosolic overexpression of CXXC5 was induced by several pathophysiological conditions, such as osteoporosis, alopecia, senescence of growth plate, cutaneous wound, and restoration of the suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling by blockade of its Dvl binding function improved the pathological features as observed in Cxxc5^-/- mice.^{[9][12][13][14]} These results indicate that the Dvl binding with cytosolic CXXC5 could be a target for the development of agents for treating alopecia, acute wound, and short stature in childhood and adolescence, which exhibit suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling by cytosolic CXXC5 overexpression of the responsible tissue cells.^[11][13][15] The CXXC5-Dvl protein-protein interaction (PPI) as a target for development of agents in hair loss or acute wound was also confirmed by construction and testing the function of PTD-DBM, a peptide inhibiting the CXXC5-Dvl PPIl.^[11][13]

The improvement of abnormalities by the CXXC5-Dvl PPI inhibitor is attributed to restoration of damaged tissues by activating the stem cells through restorative activation of the suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its target genes involving regeneration.