Camenca

For other uses, see Camenca (disambiguation).

Camenca (Romanian: Camenca [ˈkameŋka], Moldovan Cyrillic: Каменка; Russian: Каменка, romanized: Kamenka; Ukrainian: Кам'янка, romanized: Kamyanka) is a town in Transnistria, a breakaway republic internationally recognized as part of Moldova. It is composed of the town itself and the village of Solnecinoe. Camenca is the seat of Camenca District. The town is located on the Dniester, in the north of Transnistria.

Camenca
Flag Coat of arms
Show map of Moldova Show map of Transnistria
Coordinates: 48°01′N 28°43′E
Country (de jure)	Moldova
Country (de facto)	Transnistria[a]
Population  (2014)
• Total	8,871
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
Climate	Dfb

The mayor is Pyotr Mustya.^[1]

History

Fragment of a map of Poland from 1772 with Kamiencza marked

The settlement was founded in 1609, when it was part of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1672 it fell to the Ottoman Empire, but was regained by Poland in 1699. Kamionka, as it was known in Polish, was a private village of the Lubomirski family, administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province.^[2] Following the Second Partition of Poland, in 1793, it was annexed by Russia.

The town became part of Soviet Ukraine in 1920, and then of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast in 1924, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania.

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1989	13,689	—
2004	10,323	−24.6%
2014	8,871	−14.1%

According to the 2004 Census in Transnistria, the town itself has 10,323 inhabitants, including 5,296 Moldovans (51.3%), 3,476 Ukrainians (33.67%), 1,305 Russians (12.64%), 61 Belarusians, 42 Poles, 35 Bulgarians, 32 Gagauzes, 23 Germans, 10 Armenians, 8 Jews, 3 Gypsies and 32 others.^[3]

Climate

Climate data for Camenca (1991–2020, extremes 1951–2021)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	14.8 (58.6)	21.1 (70.0)	24.4 (75.9)	31.2 (88.2)	34.9 (94.8)	38.2 (100.8)	41.5 (106.7)	39.7 (103.5)	38.3 (100.9)	30.0 (86.0)	25.0 (77.0)	17.4 (63.3)	41.5 (106.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	0.5 (32.9)	2.7 (36.9)	9.1 (48.4)	16.9 (62.4)	22.7 (72.9)	26.2 (79.2)	28.4 (83.1)	28.3 (82.9)	22.5 (72.5)	15.0 (59.0)	7.7 (45.9)	1.9 (35.4)	15.2 (59.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−2.7 (27.1)	−1.2 (29.8)	3.7 (38.7)	10.7 (51.3)	16.3 (61.3)	19.9 (67.8)	21.8 (71.2)	21.3 (70.3)	16.1 (61.0)	9.7 (49.5)	4.0 (39.2)	−1.1 (30.0)	9.9 (49.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−5.6 (21.9)	−4.4 (24.1)	−0.5 (31.1)	5.0 (41.0)	10.1 (50.2)	13.9 (57.0)	15.6 (60.1)	14.9 (58.8)	10.4 (50.7)	5.2 (41.4)	1.1 (34.0)	−3.8 (25.2)	5.1 (41.2)
Record low °C (°F)	−32.8 (−27.0)	−27.4 (−17.3)	−23.4 (−10.1)	−13.4 (7.9)	−2.6 (27.3)	3.1 (37.6)	7.4 (45.3)	3.9 (39.0)	−5.1 (22.8)	−8.8 (16.2)	−19.2 (−2.6)	−28.7 (−19.7)	−32.8 (−27.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	33 (1.3)	30 (1.2)	33 (1.3)	40 (1.6)	57 (2.2)	71 (2.8)	72 (2.8)	51 (2.0)	49 (1.9)	38 (1.5)	39 (1.5)	34 (1.3)	547 (21.4)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	7	6	7	6	8	8	7	5	6	5	6	7	77
Average relative humidity (%)	83	81	76	65	63	67	67	66	69	75	83	86	74
Source 1: NOAA[4]
Source 2: Serviciul Hidrometeorologic de Stat (extremes, relative humidity)[5]

Notable people

• Nicolae Coval (1904–1970), Moldavian SSR politician, prime minister of the Moldavian SSR from 1945 to 1946
• Oleg Khorzhan (1976–2023), Transnistrian lawyer and politician
• Alexei Grabco (1936–2016), Soviet and Moldovan caricaturist
• Pyotr Vershigora (1905–1963), Soviet writer and one of the leaders of the Soviet partisan movement in Ukraine, Belarus and Poland

Gallery

• 
  Dormition of the Theotokos Church
• 
  Church
• 
  Administrative building
• 
  House of culture
• 
  Police station
• 
  Bus station
• 
  Central market
• 
  Camenca surroundings

See also

• Dniester Sanatorium, based in Camenca

Notes

1. Transnistria's political status is disputed. It considers itself to be an independent state, but this is not recognised by any UN member state. The Moldovan government and the international community consider Transnistria a part of Moldova's territory.