Chelkan language

Chelkan (also Chalkan, Chalqandu) is a Turkic language spoken in the Altai Republic in Russia by 648 Chelkans.

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Quick Facts Native to, Region ...

Chelkan
Kuu-Kizhi, Chalkan
куу, къуу, чалкъанду, шалкъанду
Native to	Russia
Region	Altai Republic
Ethnicity	Chelkans
Native speakers	648 (2021)^[1]
Language family	Turkic Siberian Turkic Southern Siberian Northern Altai Chelkan
Writing system	Cyrillic script
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Linguist List	`alt_quu` Qü
Glottolog	`chel1242`
A map of the Altai languages, including Chelkan (in red).

The Chelkans

The Chelkans are sometimes called "Lebeds" (Russian: Лебедины, Lebediny), of the name of the river which runs through the Altai Republic, or Qu'Kiji. In the 2002 Russian census, their population rose to 855 people.

Phonology

Consonants

The word-final guttural phonemes of Chelkan are more stable then in literary Altai, for example Chelkan таг versus literary туу 'mountain'.^[2]

More information Labial, Alveolar ...

Consonants in Chelkan^[3]
	Labial	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal
Nasal	m	n		ɲ	ŋ
Stop	voiceless	p	t			k	/q/
voiced		d			/g/
Fricative	voiceless		s	ʃ				/ħ/
voiced	β	z	ʒ		ɣ
Approximant	w	l		j
Vibrant		r

Vowels

Chelkan has vowel harmony.^[2]

More information Front, Back ...

Vowels of Chelkan^[3]
	Front	Back
unrounded	rounded	unrounded	rounded
short	long	short	long	short	long	short	long
Close	i	iː	ʏ	ʏː	ɪ	ɪː	ʊ	ʊː
e	eː
Mid			œ	œː			ɔ	ɔː
Open							ɑ	ɑː

Orthography

In 2008, an alphabet was created for the Chelkan language. However, only one textbook has been published, "Аба-jыштың-аң-куштары" (Animals and Birds of Primeval Taiga), in 2004.^[2]

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Ӷ ӷ	Д д	Ј ј	Е е	Ё ё	Ж ж
З з	И и	Й й	К к	Л л	М м	Н н	Ң ң	О о	Ӧ ӧ
П п	Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ӱ ӱ	Ф ф	Х х	Ц ц	Ч ч
Ш ш	Щ щ	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ь ь	Э э	Ю ю	Я я

In 2017-18, the alphabet was modified with the addition of the letter Њ њ.

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Ғ ғ	Д д	Ј ј	Е е	Ё ё	Ж ж
З з	И и	Й й	К к	Қ қ	Л л	М м	Н н	Ҥ ҥ	Њ њ
О о	Ӧ ӧ	П п	Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ӱ ӱ	Ф ф	Х х
Ц ц	Ч ч	Ш ш	Щ щ	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ь ь	Э э	Ю ю	Я я

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The Chelkans

Classification

Phonology

Consonants

Vowels

Orthography

Notes and references

Sources

External links

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