Chromosome 1 open reading frame 162

Chromosome 1 open reading frame 162 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C1orf162 gene. It has been found to be hypomethylated in instances of gastric cancer. ^[5]

C1orf162
Identifiers
Aliases	C1orf162, chromosome 1 open reading frame 162
External IDs	MGI: 3588284; HomoloGene: 45482; GeneCards: C1orf162; OMA:C1orf162 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p13.2 Start 111,473,792 bp[1] End 111,478,512 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] Band 3|3 F2.2 Start 105,831,674 bp[2] End 105,839,980 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte monocyte spleen right lung blood appendix bone marrow upper lobe of left lung lymph node trabecular bone Top expressed in granulocyte blood spleen zygote bone marrow secondary oocyte primary oocyte mesenteric lymph nodes morula stroma of bone marrow More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 128346 433638 Ensembl ENSG00000143110 ENSMUSG00000074342 UniProt Q8NEQ5 Q3U7U4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001300834 NM_001300835 NM_174896 NM_001033780 RefSeq (protein) NP_001287763 NP_001287764 NP_777556 NP_001028952 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 111.47 – 111.48 Mb Chr 3: 105.83 – 105.84 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Gene

The gene is located at p13.2 on chromosome 1 in humans and contains 8 exons.^[6] It is 11,026 bases long and is oriented on the plus strand.^[7]

Illustration of genomic context of C1orf162.

mRNA

Three transcript variants have been identified. Isoform 1 is the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform. Isoform 2 uses an alternate in-frame splice site and is shorter than isoform 1. Isoform 3 lacks an alternate in-frame exon and is shorter compared to isoform 1.^[8] There are six stem loops in the 5' untranslated region and five stem loops in the 3' untranslated region.^[9]

Protein

The predicted molecular weight of the protein C1orf162 is 16.9 kdal. Its isoelectric point is approximately 9.2 in mammals.^[10] A single transmembrane region is conserved across species.^[11] The protein is predicted to localize mainly in the nucleus.^[12] The protein is predicted to be myristoylated.^[13]

Illustration of transmembrane region of C1orf162.

Expression

C1orf162 is not ubiquitously expressed in humans. According to microarray-assessed tissue expression patterns, C1orf162 is most highly expressed in bone marrow, lung, fetal liver, lymph node, spleen, and thymus in normal human tissues.^[14] Staining of normal tissues has found high levels of RNA expression in bone marrow, lymph node, spleen, and lung tissue, which coincides with microarray-assessed expression patterns.^[15]

Expression of C1orf162 in normal human tissues.

Clinical Significance

One study found the protein to be one of three hypomethylated proteins in instances of gastric cancer.^[16]

Homology

The gene has no known paralogs. Orthologs have been noted in many mammal species in addition to a few birds and reptiles. The transmembrane region of the protein is highly conserved across species. No orthologs have been identified in fish, insects, or prokaryotes.^[17]