Codlea

Codlea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkodle̯a]; German: Zeiden; Transylvanian Saxon dialect: Zäöeden; Hungarian: Feketehalom) is a city in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania.

Codlea
Municipality
The city centre of Codlea along with the local Transylvanian Saxon fortified church Orthodox church with cemetery Fortified evangelical church
Coat of arms
Location in Brașov County
Codlea Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°41′49″N 25°26′38″E
Country	Romania
County	Brașov
Government
• Mayor (2020–2024)	Paul-Mihai Cîmpeanu[1] (PSD)
Area	132.79 km2 (51.27 sq mi)
Elevation	561 m (1,841 ft)
Population  (2021-12-01)[2]	20,534
• Density	150/km2 (400/sq mi)
Time zone	EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code	505100
Area code	(+40) 02 68
Vehicle reg.	BV
Website	www.primaria-codlea.ro

Name

The Romanian name "Codlea" could be a derivation from the Latin codella, a diminutive of Latin coda (edge, rearward); or it could be a derivation from the Slavic kotlík ("kettle"), as the Măgura Codlei (in this reading: "Kettle Hill") looks like a kettle. In Romanian, măgură means "large hill, mound, forest located on a high place".

The hill also provides the Hungarian name of the city, Feketehegy, "Black Hill".

The German name's origin is unknown, but there is a theory that it was derived from Zeidler,^{[citation needed]} an antiquated word for "beekeeper".^[3]

History

Măgura Codlei

During the 13th century, the Teutonic Order built a fortress known as Schwarzburg ("black castle") near the "Măgura Codlei". The castle's name was first noted in 1265 and was rebuilt for the last time in 1432 by the craftsmen's guild that worked in the town. The city of Codlea is believed to have been also founded by Germans. The fortified church in the city is the largest in the Burzenland historic region. Codlea was well known for its flowers and was called the city of flowers.

Climate

Codlea has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

Climate data for Codlea
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	0.6 (33.1)	2.6 (36.7)	7.3 (45.1)	13.3 (55.9)	18.1 (64.6)	21.4 (70.5)	23.2 (73.8)	23.5 (74.3)	18.5 (65.3)	13.3 (55.9)	8.2 (46.8)	2.1 (35.8)	12.7 (54.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−3.8 (25.2)	−2 (28)	2.4 (36.3)	8.2 (46.8)	13.3 (55.9)	16.9 (62.4)	18.7 (65.7)	18.7 (65.7)	13.9 (57.0)	8.4 (47.1)	3.8 (38.8)	−1.9 (28.6)	8.1 (46.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−8.1 (17.4)	−6.6 (20.1)	−2.5 (27.5)	2.6 (36.7)	7.8 (46.0)	11.8 (53.2)	13.6 (56.5)	13.7 (56.7)	9.3 (48.7)	4.2 (39.6)	0.3 (32.5)	−5.4 (22.3)	3.4 (38.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	45 (1.8)	42 (1.7)	56 (2.2)	73 (2.9)	95 (3.7)	100 (3.9)	95 (3.7)	78 (3.1)	61 (2.4)	53 (2.1)	47 (1.9)	49 (1.9)	794 (31.3)
Source: https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/brasov/codlea-15683/

Population

• 1510: 670
• 1814: 3,264
• 1849: 3,764
• 1890: 4,035
  • 2,680 Germans (67%)
  • 1,211 Romanians (30%)
  • 44 Hungarians (1%)
  • 100 Jews and others (2%)
• 1930: 5,219
  • 3,111 Germans (60%)
  • 1,916 Romanians (36%)
  • 192 Hungarians (4%)
• 1941: 6,214
• 1966: 13,075
• 1977: 22,744
• 1982: 23,500
• 1992: 24,620
• 2002: 24,286
• 2011: 21,708
• 2021: 20,534

As of the 2011 census, 90.2% of inhabitants were Romanians, 5.6% Roma, 2.8% Hungarians, and 1% Germans. As of 2002, 86.8% were Romanian Orthodox, 3.7% Roman Catholic, 3.1% Pentecostal, 2.2% Christian Evangelical, 1% Evangelical Augustan Confession, and 0.8% Reformed.

Natives

• Fritz Klein (1888–1945), Nazi SS doctor hanged for war crimes
• Doina Popescu (1938–), volleyball player
• Alexandru Zaharescu (1961–), mathematician