Comrat

Comrat (Romanian: Comrat, Romanian pronunciation: [komˈrat]; Gagauz: Komrat, Russian: Комрат) is a city and municipality^[3] in Moldova and the capital of the autonomous region of Gagauzia. It is located in the south of the country, on the Ialpug River. In 2014, Comrat's population was 20,113, of which the vast majority are Gagauzians.^[2]

Comrat Komrat
Municipality
From top, left to right: Saint John the Baptist Cathedral Comrat State University House of Culture Chapel Central Park
Flag Seal
Comrat Location of Comrat in Moldova
Coordinates: 46°19′N 28°40′E
Country	Moldova
Autonomous Region	Gagauzia
Founded	1443/1789
Government
• Mayor	Sergey Anastasov[1]
Area
• Total	164 km2 (63 sq mi)
Population  (2014)[2]
• Total	20,113
• Density	120/km2 (320/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Climate	Cfb
Website	http://comrat.md

History

The first seal of Comrat (1932–2005)

Comrat was first settled as early as 1443, with other sources claiming it was founded in 1789. Nevertheless, the settlement was sparsely populated until the new Russian government issued a decree in 1819 to resettle the region with Bulgarians and other nationalities from across the Danube,^[4] after the territory was annexed by Russia from Moldavia in 1812.

In 1906, the village revolted against the Russian authorities and proclaimed the autonomous (but not independent) Comrat Republic.^[5][6] Following World War I, it was part of Kingdom of Romania. During World War II, it was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, before it was recaptured by Romania in 1941.

During the time when the town was part of Moldavian SSR, Comrat's industry was geared toward the production of butter, wine, and rugs, the latter decorated with Moldavian motifs. The Comrat State University was established in 2002.

Demographics

According to the 2014 census, the population of Comrat amounted to 20,113 inhabitants (making it the tenth largest city in Moldova), a decrease compared to the previous census in 2004, when 23,327 inhabitants were registered. Of these, 9,528 were men and 10,585 were women.^[7]

Ethnic composition of Comrat (2014)^[8]

1. Gagauz (75.1%)
2. Moldovans* (8.86%)
3. Romanians (0.05%)
4. Russians (6.48%)
5. Bulgarians (4.36%)
6. Ukrainians (3.73%)
7. Others (1.43%)

:Linguistic composition of Comrat (2014)^[9]

1. Gagauz (64.2%)
2. Russian (24.9%)
3. Moldovan* (6.38%)
4. Romanian (0.09%)
5. Bulgarian (2.47%)
6. Ukrainian (1.35%)
7. Other (0.68%)

Footnotes:

* There is an ongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

* Moldovan language is one of the two local names for the Romanian language in Moldova. In 2013, the Constitutional Court of Moldova interpreted that Article 13 of the constitution is superseded by the Declaration of Independence,^[10] thus giving official status to the name Romanian.^[11][12]

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1930	12,331	—
1959	14,361	+16.5%
1970	21,369	+48.8%
1979	23,652	+10.7%
1989	25,822	+9.2%
2004	23,327	−9.7%
2014	20,113	−13.8%

Economy

Comrat is situated in the southern wine zone of Moldova. It is known for production of red wine and muscat. In Comrat and its suburbs there are about 10 wineries.

Food production is very developed in the city. Comrat is a home for food processing factories, alcohol production, and an oil processing plant (the first and only one in Moldova).

There is also such economic agents as a ferro-concrete factory, furniture productions, wood processing, production of plastic windows and doors, cattle butcheries, and transport companies.

Sport

Football clubs FC Olimp Comrat and Univer-Oguzsport are based in Comrat.

Geography

Climate

Comrat has a humid continental climate (Dfa), characterized by warm summers and cool, drier winters with snow. Winter lows are often below 0 °C (32 °F). In summer, the average maximum temperature is approximately 25 °C (77 °F). The average annual precipitation is relatively low.

Climate data for Comrat (1991–2020, extremes 1897–2021)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	14.8 (58.6)	21.7 (71.1)	27.9 (82.2)	31.4 (88.5)	35.7 (96.3)	38.2 (100.8)	40.8 (105.4)	40.0 (104.0)	36.6 (97.9)	33.3 (91.9)	29.0 (84.2)	17.1 (62.8)	40.8 (105.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	1.5 (34.7)	4.1 (39.4)	10.0 (50.0)	17.0 (62.6)	23.0 (73.4)	26.9 (80.4)	29.3 (84.7)	29.1 (84.4)	23.2 (73.8)	16.2 (61.2)	9.0 (48.2)	3.1 (37.6)	16.0 (60.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−1.7 (28.9)	0.1 (32.2)	4.8 (40.6)	11.0 (51.8)	16.8 (62.2)	20.9 (69.6)	23.1 (73.6)	22.8 (73.0)	17.3 (63.1)	11.1 (52.0)	5.2 (41.4)	−0.1 (31.8)	10.9 (51.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−4.5 (23.9)	−3.1 (26.4)	0.7 (33.3)	5.9 (42.6)	11.2 (52.2)	15.4 (59.7)	17.4 (63.3)	17.1 (62.8)	12.2 (54.0)	7.0 (44.6)	2.2 (36.0)	−2.7 (27.1)	6.6 (43.9)
Record low °C (°F)	−25.6 (−14.1)	−28.1 (−18.6)	−18.3 (−0.9)	−8.1 (17.4)	−2.6 (27.3)	5.4 (41.7)	7.5 (45.5)	5.7 (42.3)	−4.9 (23.2)	−7.5 (18.5)	−16.8 (1.8)	−22.2 (−8.0)	−28.1 (−18.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	33 (1.3)	27 (1.1)	32 (1.3)	37 (1.5)	48 (1.9)	69 (2.7)	59 (2.3)	46 (1.8)	42 (1.7)	43 (1.7)	39 (1.5)	39 (1.5)	514 (20.2)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	6	6	6	6	7	7	6	5	5	6	5	6	71
Average relative humidity (%)	84	82	76	66	64	65	63	63	67	73	83	86	73
Source 1: NOAA[13]
Source 2: Serviciul Hidrometeorologic de Stat (extremes, relative humidity)[14]

Notable people

• Petar Draganov (1857 in Komrat - 1928) Russian philologist and Slavist
• Reuven Shari (1903 in Comrat – 1989) was a Russian-born Israeli politician
• Alexandru Bârlădeanu (1911 in Comrat – 1997) a Romanian Marxian economist who was prominent during the Communist regime, sidelined in 1968
• Sorana Gurian (1913 in Comrat – 1956) a writer, journalist, and translator, emigrated to Israel and France
• Anatoliy Blashku (born 1944 in Komrat) was the Minister of Industry of Transnistria, a Moldovan who moved to Tiraspol as a teenager
• Alexandr Stoianoglo (born 1967 in Comrat) a Moldovan politician and member of the Parliament of Moldova since 2009.
• Irina Vlah (born 1974 in Comrat) a Moldovan politician, Governor (Başkan) of the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia
• Igor Cobileanski (born 1974 in Comrat) a Moldovan film director
• Mihai Cojusea (born 1978 in Comrat) a Moldavian football striker who plays for CF Gagauziya
• Alexander Romanov (born 1990 in Comrat) a Moldavian UFC heavyweight fighter

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Moldova

Twin towns — Sister cities

Comrat is twinned with:

• Erzsébetváros, Budapest region, Hungary.^[15]
• Pendik, Istanbul region, Turkey;
• Hendek, Turkey;
• Sapanca, Turkey;
• Küçükkuyu, Turkey;
• Isparta, Turkey;
• North Nicosia, Northern Cyprus;
• Tatlısu, Northern Cyprus;
• Moscow region Sokolniki, Russia;
• Grozny, Russia;
• Bavly, Tatarstan, Russia;
• Bolhrad, Ukraine;

Gallery

• 
  The Executive Committee of Gagauzia
• 
  Central Square
• 
  Central Park
• 
  Comrat State University
• 
  Hotel "Altyn Palace"
• 
  Shopping center "Comrat-City"
• 
  Lenin statue
• 
  Street in Comrat