County flowers of the United Kingdom

In 2002 Plantlife conducted a "County Flowers" public survey to assign flowers to each of the counties of the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man.^[1] The results of this campaign designated a single plant species to a "county or metropolitan area" in the UK and Isle of Man.^[2] Some English counties already had flowers traditionally associated with them before 2002,^[3] and which were different from those assigned to them by Plantlife, including the white rose for Yorkshire (assigned the harebell), the poppy for Norfolk (assigned the Alexanders), and the cowslip for Essex (assigned the poppy). Some flowers were assigned to multiple counties.

England

County	Image	Common name	Scientific name	County status	Shared
Bedfordshire		bee orchid[4]	Ophrys apifera	native
Berkshire		summer snowflake[5]	Leucojum aestivum	native
Bristol		Maltese-cross[6]	Silene chalcedonica	casual
Buckinghamshire		Chiltern gentian[7]	Gentianella germanica	native
Cambridgeshire		pasqueflower[8][9]	Pulsatilla vulgaris	native	Hertfordshire
Cheshire		cuckooflower[10]	Cardamine pratensis	native	Brecknockshire
Cornwall		Cornish heath[11]	Erica vagans	native
County Durham		spring gentian[12]	Gentiana verna	native
Cumberland		grass-of-Parnassus[13]	Parnassia palustris	native	Sutherland
Derbyshire		Jacob's-ladder[14]	Polemonium caeruleum	native
Devon		primrose[15]	Primula vulgaris	native
Dorset		Dorset heath[16]	Erica ciliaris	native
Essex		common poppy[17]	Papaver rhoeas	native	Norfolk
Gloucestershire		wild daffodil[18]	Narcissus pseudonarcissus	native
Greater Manchester		common cotton-grass[19]	Eriophorum angustifolium	native
Hampshire		dog-rose[20]	Rosa canina	native
Herefordshire		mistletoe[21]	Viscum album	native
Hertfordshire		pasqueflower[8][9]	Pulsatilla vulgaris	native	Cambridgeshire
Huntingdonshire		water-violet[22]	Hottonia palustris	native
Isle of Wight		pyramidal orchid[23]	Anacamptis pyramidalis	native
Isles of Scilly		thrift[24]	Armeria maritima	native	Bute & Pembrokeshire
Kent		hop[25]	Humulus lupulus	native
Lancashire		red rose[26]	Rosa gallica officinalis	absent
Leeds		bilberry[27]	Vaccinium myrtillus	native
Leicestershire		foxglove[28]	Digitalis purpurea	native	Argyll, Monmouthshire & West Midlands
Lincolnshire		common dog-violet[29]	Viola riviniana	native
London		rosebay willowherb[30]	Epilobium angustifolium	native
Merseyside		sea-holly[31]	Eryngium maritimum	native
Middlesex		wood anemone[32]	Anemone nemorosa	native
Norfolk		common poppy[17][a]	Papaver rhoeas	native	Essex
Northamptonshire		cowslip[35]	Primula veris	native	Surrey & Worcestershire
Northumberland		bloody crane's-bill[36]	Geranium sanguineum	native
Nottingham		Nottingham catchfly[37]	Silene nutans	native
Nottinghamshire		autumn crocus[38]	Crocus nudiflorus	archaeophyte
Oxfordshire		snake's-head fritillary[39]	Fritillaria meleagris	native
Rutland		clustered bellflower[40]	Campanula glomerata	native
Sheffield		wood crane's-bill[41]	Geranium sylvaticum	native
Shropshire		round-leaved sundew[42]	Drosera rotundifolia	native
Somerset		Cheddar pink[43]	Dianthus gratianopolitanus	native
Staffordshire		heather[44]	Calluna vulgaris	native
Suffolk		oxlip[45]	Primula elatior	native
Surrey		cowslip[35]	Primula veris	native	Northamptonshire & Worcestershire
Sussex		round-headed rampion[46]	Phyteuma orbiculare	native
Tyne and Wear		monkeyflower[47]	Mimulus guttatus	neophyte
Warwickshire		honeysuckle[48]	Lonicera periclymenum	native
West Midlands		foxglove[28]	Digitalis purpurea	native	Argyll, Leicestershire & Monmouthshire
Westmorland		alpine forget-me-not[49]	Myosotis alpestris	native
Wiltshire		burnt-tip orchid[50]	Neotinea ustulata	native
Worcestershire		cowslip[35]	Primula veris	native	Northamptonshire & Surrey
Yorkshire		harebell[51]	Campanula rotundifolia	native	Antrim & Dumfriesshire

Isle of Man

County	Image	Common name	Scientific name	County status	Shared
Isle of Man[b]		fuchsia[53]	Fuchsia magellanica	neophyte

Northern Ireland

County	Image	Common name	Scientific name	County status	Shared
Antrim		harebell[51]	Campanula rotundifolia	native	Dumfriesshire & Yorkshire
Armagh		cowbane[54]	Cicuta virosa	native
Belfast		gorse[55]	Ulex europaeus	native
Londonderry		purple saxifrage[56]	Saxifraga oppositifolia	native
Down		spring squill[57]	Scilla verna	native
Fermanagh		globeflower[58]	Trollius europaeus	native
Tyrone		bog-rosemary[59]	Andromeda polifolia	native	Ceredigion & Kirkcudbright

Scotland

County	Image	Common name	Scientific name	County status	Shared
Aberdeenshire		bearberry[60]	Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	native
Angus		Alpine catchfly[61]	Silene suecica	native
Argyll		foxglove[28]	Digitalis purpurea	native	Leicestershire, Monmouthshire & West Midlands
Ayrshire		green-winged orchid[62]	Anacamptis morio	native
Banffshire		dark-red helleborine[63]	Epipactis atrorubens	native
Berwickshire		rock-rose[64]	Helianthemum nummularium	native
Bute		thrift[24]	Armeria maritima	native	Isles of Scilly & Pembrokeshire
Caithness		Scottish primrose[65]	Primula scotica	native
Clackmannanshire		opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage[66]	Chrysosplenium oppositifolium	native
Cromarty		spring cinquefoil[67]	Potentilla neumanniana	native
Dumfriesshire		harebell[51]	Campanula rotundifolia	native	Antrim & Yorkshire
Dunbartonshire		lesser water-plantain[68]	Baldellia ranunculoides	native
East Lothian		viper's-bugloss[69]	Echium vulgare	native
Fife		coralroot orchid[70]	Corallorrhiza trifida	native
Glasgow		broom[71]	Cytisus scoparius	native
Inverness-shire		twinflower[72]	Linnaea borealis	native
Kinross		holy-grass[73]	Hierochloe odorata	native
Kirkcudbright		bog-rosemary[59]	Andromeda polifolia	native	Ceredigion & Tyrone
Lanarkshire		dune helleborine[74]	Epipactis leptochila	native
Midlothian		sticky catchfly[75]	Silene viscaria	native
Moray		one-flowered wintergreen[76]	Moneses uniflora	native
Nairn		chickweed wintergreen[77]	Trientalis europaea	native
Orkney		Alpine bearberry[78]	Arctostaphylos alpina	native
Peeblesshire		cloudberry[79]	Rubus chamaemorus	native
Perthshire		Alpine gentian[80]	Gentiana nivalis	native
Renfrewshire		bogbean[81]	Menyanthes trifoliata	native
Ross		bog asphodel[82]	Narthecium ossifragum	native
Roxburghshire		maiden pink[83]	Dianthus deltoides	native
Selkirkshire		mountain pansy[84]	Viola lutea	native
Shetland		Shetland mouse-ear[85]	Cerastium nigrescens	native
Stirlingshire		Scottish dock[86]	Rumex aquaticus	native
Sutherland		grass-of-Parnassus[13]	Parnassia palustris	native	Cumbria
West Lothian		common spotted-orchid[87]	Dactylorhiza fuchsii	native
Western Isles		Hebridean spotted-orchid[88]	Dactylorhiza fuchsii subsp. hebridensis	native
Wigtownshire		yellow iris[89]	Iris pseudacorus	native

Wales

County	Image	Common name	Scientific name	County status	Shared
Anglesey		spotted rock-rose[90]	Tuberaria guttata	native
Brecknockshire		cuckooflower[10]	Cardamine pratensis	native	Cheshire
Caernarfonshire		Snowdon lily[91]	Gagea serotina, syn. Lloydia serotina	native
Cardiff		wild leek[92]	Allium ampeloprasum	native
Carmarthenshire		whorled caraway[93]	Carum verticillatum	native
Ceredigion		bog-rosemary[59]	Andromeda polifolia	native	Kirkcudbright & Tyrone
Denbighshire		limestone woundwort[94]	Stachys alpina	native
Flintshire		bell heather[95]	Erica cinerea	native
Glamorgan		yellow whitlow-grass[96]	Draba aizoides	native
Merioneth		Welsh poppy[97]	Papaver cambricum	native
Monmouthshire		foxglove[28]	Digitalis purpurea	native	Argyll, Leicestershire & West Midlands
Montgomeryshire		spiked speedwell[98]	Veronica spicata	native
Pembrokeshire		thrift[24]	Armeria maritima	native	Bute & Isles of Scilly
Radnorshire		Radnor lily[99]	Gagea bohemica	native

Notes

1. Initially, Alexanders was selected for Norfolk, with poppy selected for Essex alone. Public pressure led to change,^[33][34]
2. The Isle of Man has a traditional national flower (it is not a county), the "Cushag" or ragwort.^[52]