DIO2

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase (iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase, iodothyronine 5'-monodeiodinase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DIO2 gene.^[5][6][7]

DIO2
Identifiers
Aliases	DIO2, 5DII, D2, DIOII, SelY, TXDI2, deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II, iodothyronine deiodinase 2, SELENOY
External IDs	OMIM: 601413; MGI: 1338833; HomoloGene: 621; GeneCards: DIO2; OMA:DIO2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human)[1] Band 14q31.1 Start 80,197,526 bp[1] End 80,387,757 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 12 (mouse)[2] Band 12|12 D3 Start 90,691,326 bp[2] End 90,705,212 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in mucosa of pharynx tendon of biceps brachii body of tongue superior surface of tongue oral cavity thyroid gland right lobe of thyroid gland nipple human penis left lobe of thyroid gland Top expressed in median eminence cervix ascending aorta ligament Region I of hippocampus proper arcuate nucleus lumbar subsegment of spinal cord aortic valve spiral ligament perirhinal cortex More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function oxidoreductase activity selenium binding thyroxine 5'-deiodinase activity ubiquitin protein ligase binding Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane membrane Biological process thyroid hormone metabolic process thyroid hormone generation selenocysteine incorporation hormone biosynthetic process positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1734 13371 Ensembl ENSG00000211448 ENSMUSG00000007682 UniProt Q92813 Q9Z1Y9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_013989 NM_000793 NM_001007023 NM_001242503 NM_001324462 NM_001366496 NM_010050 RefSeq (protein) NP_000784 NP_001311391 NP_054644 NP_001353425 NP_034180 Location (UCSC) Chr 14: 80.2 – 80.39 Mb Chr 12: 90.69 – 90.71 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It activates thyroid hormone by converting the prohormone thyroxine (T₄) by outer ring deiodination (ORD) to bioactive 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T₃). It is highly expressed in the thyroid, and may contribute significantly to the relative increase in thyroidal T₃ production in patients with Graves' disease and thyroid adenomas. This protein contains selenocysteine (Sec) residues encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of Sec-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS), which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[7]

Interactions

DIO2 has been shown to interact with USP33.^[8]

See also

• Deiodinase