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Dell Comics

American comic book publisher From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dell Comics
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Dell Comics was the comic book publishing arm of Dell Publishing, which got its start in pulp magazines. It published comics from 1929 to 1973. At its peak, it was the most prominent and successful American company in the medium.[1] In 1953, Dell claimed to be the world's largest comics publisher, selling 26 million copies each month.[2]

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History

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Origins

Its first title was The Funnies (1929), described by the Library of Congress as "a short-lived newspaper tabloid insert" rather than a comic book.[3] Comics historian Ron Goulart describes the 16-page, four-color, newsprint periodical as "more a Sunday comic section without the rest of the newspaper than a true comic book. But it did offer all original material and was sold on newsstands".[4] It ran 36 weekly issues, published Saturdays from January 16, 1929, to October 16, 1930.[5] The cover price rose from 10¢ to 30¢ with issue #3.[6] This was reduced to a nickel from issue #22 to the end.[6]

In 1933, Dell collaborated with Eastern Color Printing to publish the 36-page Famous Funnies: A Carnival of Comics, considered by historians the first true American comic book; Goulart, for example, calls it "the cornerstone for one of the most lucrative branches of magazine publishing".[7][8] It was distributed through the Woolworth's department store chain, though it is unclear whether it was sold or given away; the cover displays no price, but Goulart refers, either metaphorically or literally, to the publisher "sticking a ten-cent pricetag [sic] on the comic books".[9]

In early 1934, Dell published the single-issue Famous Funnies: Series 1, also printed by Eastern Color. Unlike its predecessor, it was intended from the start to be sold rather than given away.[10][11]

In 1936, the company partnered with McClure Syndicate in which Dell would finance and distribute publications that McClure would produce and edit on behalf of then-company executive Max Gaines and editor Sheldon Mayer. Among the titles Gaines oversaw were The Comics, Popular Comics and The Funnies.[12][13] Gaines would leave McClure, and by extension, Dell in 1939, in order to set up All-American Publications with a distribution/partnership agreement at DC.[14]

Western Publishing

The company formed a partnership in 1938 with Western Publishing, in which Dell would finance and distribute publications that Western would produce. While this diverged from the regular practice in the medium of one company handling finance and production and outsourcing distribution, it was a highly successful enterprise with titles selling in the millions. Most of the Dell-produced comics done for Western Publishing during this period were under the Whitman Comics banner (later also used by Gold Key Comics); notable titles included Crackajack Funnies (1938–1942) and Super Comics (1938–1949).

Comic book historian Mark Carlson has stated that at its peak in the mid-1950s, "while Dell’s total number of comic book titles [was] only 15% of those published, it control[ed] nearly a third of the total market. Dell [had] more million-plus sellers than any other company before or since".[15]

Licensed material

Dell Comics was best known for its licensed material, most notably the animated characters from Walt Disney Productions, Warner Bros., Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and Walter Lantz Studio, along with many movie and television properties such as the Lone Ranger, Tarzan, Felix the Cat, Howdy Doody, Yogi Bear and other Hanna-Barbera characters.

Four Color

From 1938 to 1962, Dell's most notable and prolific title was the anthology Four Color.[16] Published several times a month, the title (which primarily consisted of standalone issues featuring various licensed properties) saw more than 1,300 issues published in its 23-year history. It often served as a try-out title (much like DC's Showcase) and thus the launching pad for many long-running series, a number of which (such as The Twilight Zone) were continued not by Dell, but Gold Key Comics, the competing company formed when Western ended its partnership (see below).

Lil' Eightball

Responding to pressure from the African-American community, the character Lil' Eightball (who appeared in a handful of Walter Lantz cartoons in the late 1930s and in those initial appearances constituted what animation and comics historian Michael Barrier described as being a "grotesquely stereotypical black boy") was discontinued as one of the featured characters in the Lantz anthology comic book New Funnies; the last appearance of the character was in the August 1947 issue.[17]

Fredric Wertham

In 1948, Dell refused an invitation of membership in the nascent Association of Comics Magazine Publishers. The association had been formed to pre-empt government intervention in the face of mounting public criticism of comic books. Dell vice-president Helen Meyer told Congress that Dell had opted out of the association because they didn't want their less controversial offerings to serve as "an umbrella for the crime comic publishers".[18] When the Comics Code was formed in 1954 in reaction to Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent, Dell again refused to join and instead began publishing in its comics a "Pledge to Parents" that promised their editorial process "eliminates, rather than regulates, objectional [sic] material" and concluded with the now classic credo "Dell Comics Are Good Comics."

Bart Beaty in his book Fredric Wertham and the Critique of Mass Culture describes a concerted campaign by Dell against publication of Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent to the extent of recruiting several of the companies that it licensed characters from (including Warner Brother Cartoons, the Lone Ranger Inc. and Edgar Rice Burroughs Inc.) to send letters of protest to Wertham's publisher Stanley Rinehart.[19]

Dell in this period even burnished its image by taking out full-page ads in the Saturday Evening Post in late 1952 and early 1953 that emphasized the wholesomeness of its comics.[2]

Dell Comics Club and subscription promotions

From mid-1950 to Spring 1959 Dell promoted subscriptions to its non-Disney titles with what it called the Dell Comics Club. Membership was automatic with any one year subscription to such titles and came with a certificate of membership plus a group portrait of the most prominent non-Disney characters published by Dell. Dell also offered various subscription premiums during the 1940s and 1950s (in some cases these were prints of covers or other character artwork and in one instance a cel from a Warner Brothers cartoon) in what Mark Evanier has dubbed a coordinated concerted "aggressive subscription push"[20] and offered the option of an illustrated note or card be sent to the recipients of a gift subscription for birthdays or Christmas.[21]

Multi-year subscriptions were also available (in the case of Walt Disney's Comics and Stories, at one point in the 1940s subscriptions for up to five years were offered).[22][23]

Alternate format

In 1961, Dell issued two atypical, comic-book like paperbacks without coloring, with cardboard covers and heavier-weight paper than standard comics, and selling for one dollar when most comic books were 12 cents: the 116-page The Flintstones on the Rocks[24] and the 117-page Huck & Yogi Jamboree[25][26] One historian describes the latter as "a collection of drawings with text (there’s not a word balloon to be found). But there are drawings that are sequential which tell stories.... [T]his was intended for Huck and Yogi’s adult fans. Of which there apparently were more than a few, given the format and high price — $1!"[27]

Western partnership ends, Dell declines

In 1961, Dell became the first comic book company to increase its cover prices, raising the prices to fifteen cents; this was soon lowered to twelve cents.[28] In 1962 the partnership with Western ended, with Western taking most of its licensed properties and its original material and creating its own imprint, Gold Key Comics.[1]

While most of the talent who had worked on the Dell line continued at Gold Key, a few creators like John Stanley stuck with Dell and its new line. Dell also drew new talent to its fold, such as Frank Springer, Don Arneson, and Lionel Ziprin.

Dell Comics continued for another 11 years with licensed television and motion picture adaptations (including Mission: Impossible, Ben Casey, Burke's Law, Doctor Kildare, Beach Blanket Bingo) and a few generally poorly received original titles. Among the few long lasting series from this time include the teen-comic Thirteen Going on Eighteen (29 issues, written by John Stanley), Ghost Stories (37 issues, #1 only written by John Stanley), Combat (40 issues), Ponytail (20 issues), Kona Monarch of Monster Isle (20 issues), Toka the Jungle King (10 issues), and Naza Stone Age Warrior (9 issues).[29] Dell additionally attempted to do superhero titles, including Nukla, Superheroes (starring the Fab 4, as the group's name was spelled on covers),[30][31] Brain Boy, and a critically ridiculed[citation needed] trio of titles based on the Universal Pictures monsters Frankenstein, Dracula and Werewolf that recast the characters as superheroes.

Dell Comics ceased publication in 1973,[32] with a few of its former titles moving to Gold Key Comics.[citation needed]

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Corporate acquisitions

Dell was acquired by Doubleday in 1976.[33] Doubleday was acquired by Bertelsmann in 1986, who formed Bantam Doubleday Dell as its US subsidiary.[34] Bertelsmann acquired Random House in 1998 and renamed its US business after the acquisition.[35] After the merger, Bantam was merged with Dell Publishing.[36] In 2001, Random House purchased Golden Books' book publishing properties[37] effectively reuniting the remnants of Dell and Western Publishing. Bantam Dell became part of the Random House publishing group in 2008.[38] Ballantine Books was merged with Bantam Dell in 2010.[39] In 2013, Random House merged with Penguin to form Penguin Random House.[40]

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Fan revivals

After Dell ceased publication, a number of its obscure characters were brought back in independent comics. In August 2016, InDELLible Comics was formed in tribute to the public domain characters orphaned by Dell. In July 2017, All-New Popular Comics #1 was published, and was #1 in its category on Amazon upon release. Founded and edited by the team of Jim Ludwig, David Noe and Dærick Gröss Sr., the first issue featured some original characters as well as stories and cameos with many Dell characters.

Publications

#

A

  • Abraham Lincoln Life Story #1 (March 1958)
  • Adlai Stevenson (1900–1965) (December 1966)
  • Adventures of Mighty Mouse #144–155 (October–December 1959–July-September 1962)
  • Air War Stories #1–8 (November 1964–August 1966)
  • Alley Oop #1–2 (December 1962-February 1963–September-November 1963)
  • Alvin #1–28 (October 1962–October 1973)
  • Alvin and His Pals in Merry Christmas with Clyde Crashup and Leonardo (December 1963-February 1964)
  • Alvin for President #1 (August-October 1964)
  • America in Action #1 (Winter 1945)
  • Animal Comics #1–30 (1942–December 1947)
  • Around the Block with Dunc and Loo #1–3 (October-December 1961–April-June 1962)[N 1]
  • Around the World Under the Sea (December 1966)

B

C

D

  • Daffy Duck #4–30 (January-March 1956–July-September 1962)[N 6]
  • Daktari #1–4 (July 1967–October 1969)
  • David Ladd's Life Story (October-December 1962)
  • Davy Crockett: King of the Wild Frontier #1 (September 1955)
  • Dazey's Diary #1 (June-August 1962)
  • The Defenders #1–2 (November 1962–April 1963)
  • Dell Giant #21–55 (September 1959–September 1962)
  • Dell Junior Treasury #1–10 (January 1955–October 1957)
  • Die, Monster, Die! (March 1966)
  • The Dirty Dozen (October 1967)
  • Disneyland Birthday Party #1 (October 1958)
  • Diver Dan #2 (June–August 1962)
  • Donald and Mickey in Disneyland #1 (May 1958)
  • Donald Duck #26–84 (November 1952–September-November 1962)[N 7]
  • Donald Duck Album #1 (May-July 1962)
  • Donald Duck Beach Party #1–6 (July 1954–August 1959)
  • Donald Duck Fun Book (1953–October 1954)
  • Donald Duck in Disneyland #1 (September 1955)
  • Dr. Kildare #2—9 (July-September 1962—April-June 1965)
  • Dr. Who and the Daleks (December 1966)
  • Dracula (October-December 1962)
  • Dracula #2–4 (November 1966–March 1967)
  • Drift Marlo #1–2 (June–December 1962)
  • Dunc and Loo #4–8 (July-August 1962–October-December 1963)
  • Dwight D. Eisenhower #1 (December 1969)

E

F

  • F-Troop #1–7 (August 1966—August 1967)
  • The F.B.I. (April-June 1965)
  • Fairy Tale Parade #1–9 (June-July 1942–November 1943-January 1944)
  • Famous Feature Stories #1 (1938)
  • Famous Indian Tribes #1–2 (September 1962–July 1972)
  • Famous Stories #1–2 (1942)
  • Felix the Cat #1–12 (September-November 1962–July-September 1965)
  • Flash Gordon #2 (May-July 1953)
  • The Flintstones #2–6 (December 1961–July 1962)[N 8]
  • The Flintstones on the Rocks (1961)
  • The Flying A's Range Rider #2–24 (June 1953–December 1958)
  • The Flying Nun #1–4 (February–November 1968)
  • Flying Saucers Comics #1–5 (April 1967–October 1969)
  • Follow the Sun #1–2 (July–November 1962)
  • Four Color (series 1) #1–25 (July–September 1939–1942)
  • Four Color (series 2) #1–1354 (June 1942–April–June 1962)
  • Frankenstein (March-May 1963)
  • Frankenstein 2—4 (September 1966–March 1967)
  • Freddy #1–3 (May-July 1963–October–December 1964)
  • Friday Foster #1 (October 1972)
  • The Frogmen #2–11 (May-July 1962–November 1964-January 1965)
  • The Funnies (series 1) #1–36 (April 1929–October 1930)
  • The Funnies (series 2) #1–64 (October 1936–May 1942)
  • Fury (June–August 1962)

G

H

I

J

K

L

  • Lady and the Tramp #1 (June 1955)
  • Lancelot and Guinevere (October 1963)
  • Large Feature Comics #1–27 (March 1942–1943)
  • Lassie #1–58 (October 1950—July 1962)
  • Laurel and Hardy (August-October 1962)
  • Laurel and Hardy #2–4 (March-May 1963–September-November 1963)
  • Lawman #3–11 (February 1960–April 1962)
  • Lawrence of Arabia (August 1963)
  • Leave It to Beaver (May-July 1962)
  • The Legend of Custer #1 (January 1968)
  • The Lieutenant #1 (April-June 1964)
  • Life Stories of American Presidents #1 (November 1957)
  • Linda Lark #1–8 (October-December 1961–August-October 1963)
  • Lion of Sparta (January 1963)
  • Little Beaver #3–8 (October-December 1951–January-March 1953)
  • Little Iodine #1–50 (March-May 1950–October-December 1960)
  • Little Lulu #1–164 (January-February 1948–July-September 1962) — later continued by Western, et al.
  • Little Lulu and Her Friends #4 (March 1956)
  • Little Lulu and Her Special Friends #3 (March 1955)
  • Little Lulu and Tubby at Summer Camp #2, #5 (October 1957 October 1958)
  • Little Lulu on Vacation #1 (July 1954)
  • Little Lulu Tubby Annual #1–2 (March 1953–March 1954)
  • Little Orphan Annie #1–3 (March-May 1948–September-November 1948)
  • The Little Scouts #2–6 (October-December 1951–October-December 1952)
  • The Littlest Snowman (December 1963-February 1964)
  • Lobo #1–2 (December 1965–October 1966)
  • Lolly and Pepper #1 (May-July 1962)
  • The Lone Ranger #1–145 (January-February 1948–May-July 1962)[N 2]
  • The Lone Ranger Movie Story (March 1956)
  • The Lone Ranger's Companion Tonto #1–33 (August-October 1951–November 1958-January 1959)
  • The Lone Ranger's Famous Horse Hi-Yo Silver #3–36 (July 1952–October-December 1960)
  • The Lone Ranger's Golden West #3 (August 1955)
  • The Lone Ranger's Western Treasury #1–2 (September 1953–August 1954)[N 14]
  • Looney Tunes #166–246 (August 1955–July-September 1962)[N 15]
  • Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies Comics #1–165 (1941–July 1955)[N 16]
  • Ludwig Von Drake #1–4 (November 1963-June 1962)
  • Lulu and Alvin Storytelling Time #1 (March 1959)
  • Lulu and Tubby Halloween Fun #2, #6 (October 1957–October 1958)
  • Lulu and Tubby in Alaska #1 (July 1959)
  • Lulu and Tubby in Japan (May-July 1962)
  • Lyndon B. Johnson #1 (March 1965)

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

  • Uncle Scrooge #4–39 (February 1954–November 1962)[N 15]
  • Uncle Scrooge Goes to Disneyland #1 (August 1957)
  • Universal Pictures Presents Dracula, The Mummy Plus Other Stories (September-November 1963)
  • The Untouchables (July–August 1962)
  • U.S.A. ..is Ready! (1941)

V

W

  • Wagon Train #4–13 (March 1966-April 1962)
  • Walt Disney Presents #2–6 (February 1960–December 1961)
  • Walt Disney's Christmas Parade #1–9 (November 1949–December 1958)
  • Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #1–263 (October 1940–July 1962)[N 15]
  • Walt Disney's Picnic Party #6–8 (July 1955–July 1957)
  • Walt Disney's Summer Fun #2 (August 1959)
  • Walt Disney's Vacation Parade #1–5 (July 1950–July 1954)
  • Walt Disney's Zorro #8–15 (December 1959–September 1961)
  • War Comics #1–4 (1940-1941)
  • War Heroes #1–10 (September 1942-December 1944)
  • The War Wagon (September 1967)
  • War-Gods of the Deep (September 1965)
  • Werewolf #1–3 (December 1966–April 1967)
  • Western Action Thrillers #1 (April 1937)
  • Western Roundup #1–25 (June 1952–January-March 1959)
  • Who's Minding the Mint? (August 1967)
  • Wild Bill Elliott Comics #2–17 (November 1950-June 1955)
  • Winnie Winkle #1–7 (May 1948–November 1949)
  • The Wolf Man (August 1963)
  • Woody Woodpecker #16–72 (December 1952–May-July 1962)[N 32]
  • Woody Woodpecker's Back to School #1–6 (October 1952–October 1957)
  • Woody Woodpecker's County Fair #2–5 (November 1958–September 1956)
  • World War Stories #1–3 (April–December 1965)
  • Wyatt Earp #4–13 (September 1958–December 1960)

Y

Z

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Notes

  1. [N 1]
    Continued from #4 as Dunc and Loo.
  2. [N 2]
    Later continued by Gold Key.
  3. [N 3]
    Continued by Gold Key from #39.
  4. [N 4]
    Continued by Gold Key from #86.
  5. [N 5]
    Continued from #3 as Indian Chief.
  6. [N 6]
    Continued by Gold Key from #31.
  7. [N 7]
    Continued by Gold Key from #85.
  8. [N 8]
    Continued by Gold Key from #7.
  9. [N 9]
    Continued from #102 as Gene Autry and Champion.
  10. [N 10]
    Continued from #6 as Mr. Magoo and Gerald McBoing Boing.
  11. [N 11]
    Issue #1 only written by John Stanley.
  12. [N 12]
    Continued by Gold Key from 18.
  13. [N 13]
    Continued from #12 as Guerilla War.
  14. [N 14]
    Continued from #3 as The Lone Ranger's Golden West.
  15. [N 15]
    Continued by Western, et al.
  16. [N 16]
    Continued from #166 as Looney Tunes.
  17. [N 17]
    Continued by Gold Key from #85.
  18. [N 18]
    Continued from #2 as Walt Disney's Summer Fun.
  19. [N 19]
    Continued from St. John Publications from #145; continued by Gold Key from #188.
  20. [N 20]
    Continued by Charlton from #13.
  21. [N 21]
    Continued by Gold Key Comics from #66.
  22. [N 22]
    Continued by Gold Key from #12.
  23. [N 23]
    Continued by Gold Key from #13.
  24. [N 24]
    Continued from #92 as Roy Rogers and Trigger.
  25. [N 25]
    Featuring the "Fab 4", a superhero team unrelated to the Beatles.
  26. [N 26]
    Continued by Gold Key from #10.
  27. [N 27]
    Continued by Gold Key from #213.
  28. [N 28]
    Continued from #3 as Tom and Jerry's Summer Fun.
  29. [N 29]
    Continued from #3 as Tom and Jerry's Winter Fun.
  30. [N 30]
    Continued by Gold Key from #4.
  31. [N 31]
    Continued by Gold Key from #30.
  32. [N 32]
    Continued by Gold Key from #73.
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References

External links

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