FADS1

Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FADS1 gene.^[5]

FADS1
Identifiers
Aliases	FADS1, D5D, FADS6, FADSD5, LLCDL1, TU12, fatty acid desaturase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 606148; MGI: 1923517; HomoloGene: 22753; GeneCards: FADS1; OMA:FADS1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11q12.2 Start 61,799,627 bp[1] End 61,829,318 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19|19 A Start 10,160,252 bp[2] End 10,174,241 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in skin of thigh ventral tegmental area superior vestibular nucleus ventricular zone spinal ganglia internal globus pallidus ganglionic eminence trigeminal ganglion inferior ganglion of vagus nerve subthalamic nucleus Top expressed in adrenal gland tail of embryo genital tubercle choroid plexus of fourth ventricle Epithelium of choroid plexus left lobe of liver sciatic nerve superior frontal gyrus dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell vestibular membrane of cochlear duct More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function C-5 sterol desaturase activity oxidoreductase activity omega-6 fatty acid desaturase activity acyl-CoA delta5-desaturase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle mitochondrion endoplasmic reticulum Biological process linoleic acid metabolic process regulation of transcription, DNA-templated lipid metabolism cellular response to starvation cell-cell signaling alpha-linolenic acid metabolic process fatty acid metabolic process icosanoid biosynthetic process fatty acid biosynthetic process phospholipid biosynthetic process unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process regulation of cell differentiation regulation of lipid metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3992 76267 Ensembl ENSG00000149485 ENSMUSG00000010663 UniProt O60427 Q920L1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_013402 NM_146094 RefSeq (protein) NP_037534 NP_666206 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 61.8 – 61.83 Mb Chr 19: 10.16 – 10.17 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The protein encoded by the FADS1 gene is a member of the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene family and desaturates omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids at the delta-5 position, catalyzing the final step in the formation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid.^[6] Desaturase enzymes (such as those encoded by FADS1) regulate unsaturation of fatty acids through the introduction of double bonds between defined carbons of the fatty acyl chain. FADS family members are considered fusion products composed of an N-terminal cytochrome b5-like domain and a C-terminal multiple membrane-spanning desaturase portion, both of which are characterized by conserved histidine motifs. This gene is clustered with family members FADS1 and FADS2 at 11q12-q13.1; this cluster is thought to have arisen evolutionarily from gene duplication based on its similar exon/intron organization.^[5]

Clinical significance

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FADS1 and FADS2 may affect long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) metabolism and have a potential role in the development of atopic diseases.^[7]