GCLC

Glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GCLC gene.^[5][6]

GCLC
Identifiers
Aliases	GCLC, GCL, GCS, GLCL, GLCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
External IDs	OMIM: 606857; MGI: 104990; HomoloGene: 1148; GeneCards: GCLC; OMA:GCLC - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human)[1] Band 6p12.1 Start 53,497,341 bp[1] End 53,616,970 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 9 (mouse)[2] Band 9 E1|9 43.36 cM Start 77,661,817 bp[2] End 77,701,767 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in bronchial epithelial cell right uterine tube olfactory zone of nasal mucosa gingival epithelium liver nasal epithelium islet of Langerhans epithelium of colon jejunal mucosa right lobe of liver Top expressed in epithelium of stomach left lobe of liver right lung lobe right kidney seminal vesicula human kidney epithelium of lens transitional epithelium of urinary bladder stroma of bone marrow proximal tubule More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding ADP binding ligase activity glutamate-cysteine ligase activity protein heterodimerization activity ATP binding magnesium ion binding glutamate binding catalytic activity Cellular component cytosol glutamate-cysteine ligase complex Biological process negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process response to drug glutathione metabolic process cysteine metabolic process negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway response to heat negative regulation of apoptotic process response to arsenic-containing substance response to oxidative stress cell redox homeostasis regulation of mitochondrial depolarization negative regulation of protein ubiquitination apoptotic mitochondrial changes response to nitrosative stress response to hormone glutamate metabolic process negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process L-ascorbic acid metabolic process cellular response to insulin stimulus ageing negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation cellular response to thyroxine stimulus cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus response to human chorionic gonadotropin response to interleukin-1 cellular response to mechanical stimulus response to nutrient response to activity response to cadmium ion cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus cellular response to glucose stimulus glutathione biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2729 14629 Ensembl ENSG00000001084 ENSMUSG00000032350 UniProt P48506 P97494 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001498 NM_001197115 NM_010295 RefSeq (protein) NP_001184044 NP_001489 NP_034425 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 53.5 – 53.62 Mb Chr 9: 77.66 – 77.7 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

Glutamate–cysteine ligase, also known as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase is the first rate limiting enzyme of glutathione synthesis. The enzyme consists of two subunits, a heavy catalytic subunit and a light regulatory subunit. The gene encoding the catalytic subunit encodes a protein of 367 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 72.773 kDa and maps to chromosome 6. The regulatory subunit is derived from a different gene located on chromosome 1p22-p21. Deficiency of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in human is associated with enzymopathic hemolytic anemia.^[6]