GPR50

G protein-coupled receptor 50 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GPR50 gene.^[5][6][7]

GPR50
Identifiers
Aliases	GPR50, H9, Mel1c, G protein-coupled receptor 50
External IDs	OMIM: 300207; MGI: 1333877; HomoloGene: 3113; GeneCards: GPR50; OMA:GPR50 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human)[1] Band Xq28 Start 151,176,584 bp[1] End 151,181,465 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse)[2] Band X A7.3|X 36.98 cM Start 70,707,273 bp[2] End 70,712,863 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in anterior pituitary smooth muscle tissue placenta Hypothalamus ganglionic eminence lymph node islet of Langerhans mucosa of esophagus right adrenal cortex uterus Top expressed in median eminence arcuate nucleus gastrula intestinal villus Ileal epithelium perirhinal cortex entorhinal cortex choroid plexus of fourth ventricle tracheobronchial tree CA3 field More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function melatonin receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor activity protein binding signal transducer activity identical protein binding Cellular component integral component of membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane nucleoplasm plasma membrane Biological process cell-cell signaling G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9248 14765 Ensembl ENSG00000102195 ENSMUSG00000056380 UniProt Q13585 O88495 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004224 NM_010340 NM_001308501 RefSeq (protein) NP_004215 NP_001295430 NP_034470 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 151.18 – 151.18 Mb Chr X: 70.71 – 70.71 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

GPR50 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins and is most closely related to the melatonin receptor.^[6] GPR50 is able to heterodimerize with both the MT₁ and MT₂ melatonin receptor subtypes. While GPR50 has no effect on MT₂ function, GPR50 prevented MT₁ from both binding melatonin and coupling to G proteins.^[8] GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of melatonin receptor Mel1c described in non-mammalian vertebrates. ^[9]

Clinical significance

Certain polymorphisms of the GPR50 gene in females are associated with increased risk of developing bipolar affective disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia.^[10] Other GPR50 gene polymorphism are associated with higher fasting circulating triglyceride levels and lower circulating High-density lipoprotein levels.^[11]