Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor

"GIPR" redirects here. For another use, see Great Indian Peninsular Railway.

The gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIP-R), also known as the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GIPR gene.^[5][6]

GIPR
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4HJ0, 2QKH
Identifiers
Aliases	GIPR, PGQTL2, gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor
External IDs	OMIM: 137241; MGI: 1352753; HomoloGene: 20081; GeneCards: GIPR; OMA:GIPR - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.32 Start 45,668,221 bp[1] End 45,683,722 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 A3 Start 18,889,986 bp[2] End 18,900,052 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right uterine tube apex of heart right auricle of heart olfactory zone of nasal mucosa body of pancreas granulocyte body of stomach islet of Langerhans minor salivary glands bronchial epithelial cell Top expressed in islet of Langerhans embryo morula spermatid blastocyst ventricular zone ganglionic eminence left lung lobe primary visual cortex superior frontal gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity gastric inhibitory peptide receptor activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity protein binding peptide hormone binding G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane plasma membrane Biological process response to fatty acid response to nutrient regulation of insulin secretion positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration response to glucose generation of precursor metabolites and energy activation of adenylate cyclase activity response to calcium ion cell surface receptor signaling pathway gastric inhibitory peptide signaling pathway response to axon injury desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway endocrine pancreas development signal transduction positive regulation of insulin secretion G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2696 381853 Ensembl ENSG00000010310 ENSMUSG00000030406 UniProt P48546 Q0P543 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000164 NM_001308418 NM_001080815 RefSeq (protein) NP_000155 NP_001295347 NP_001074284 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 45.67 – 45.68 Mb Chr 7: 18.89 – 18.9 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

GIP-R is a member of the class B family of G protein coupled receptors.^[7] GIP-R is found on beta-cells in the pancreas^[8][9] where it serves as the receptor for the hormone Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).

Function

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, also called glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, is a 42-amino acid polypeptide synthesized by K cells of the duodenum and small intestine. It was originally identified as an activity in gut extracts that inhibited gastric acid secretion and gastrin release, but subsequently was demonstrated to stimulate insulin release potently in the presence of elevated glucose. The insulinotropic effect on pancreatic islet beta-cells was then recognized to be the principal physiologic action of GIP. Together with glucagon-like peptide-1, GIP is largely responsible for the secretion of insulin after eating. It is involved in several other facets of the anabolic response.^[5]