Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 is an enzyme that is encoded by the GPD1 gene in humans.^[5]

GPD1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1WPQ, 1X0V, 1X0X
Identifiers
Aliases	GPD1, GPD-C, GPDH-C, HTGTI, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 138420; MGI: 95679; HomoloGene: 5593; GeneCards: GPD1; OMA:GPD1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q13.12 Start 50,103,982 bp[1] End 50,111,313 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15 F1|15 56.13 cM Start 99,615,396 bp[2] End 99,622,886 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in subcutaneous adipose tissue muscle of thigh gastrocnemius muscle abdominal fat triceps brachii muscle vastus lateralis muscle C1 segment right lobe of liver Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii Top expressed in brown adipose tissue lactiferous gland muscle of thigh tunica adventitia of aorta vastus lateralis muscle triceps brachii muscle intercostal muscle subcutaneous adipose tissue sternocleidomastoid muscle ankle joint More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor protein homodimerization activity NAD binding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+ activity] oxidoreductase activity glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+ activity] Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex mitochondrion extracellular exosome Biological process phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process glycerolipid metabolic process gluconeogenesis glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process cellular response to tumor necrosis factor glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process NADH metabolic process NADH oxidation glycerophosphate shuttle positive regulation of glycolytic process cellular response to cAMP carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2819 14555 Ensembl ENSG00000167588 ENSMUSG00000023019 UniProt P21695 P13707 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005276 NM_001257199 NM_010271 RefSeq (protein) NP_001244128 NP_005267 NP_034401 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 50.1 – 50.11 Mb Chr 15: 99.62 – 99.62 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

This gene encodes a member of the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family. The encoded protein plays a critical role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by catalyzing the reversible conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and reduced nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) and NAD+.

The encoded cytosolic protein and mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase also form a glycerol phosphate shuttle that facilitates the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol to mitochondria.

Mutations in this gene are a cause of transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.