HAS2

Hyaluronan synthase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HAS2 gene.^[5][6]

HAS2
Identifiers
Aliases	HAS2, hyaluronan synthase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 601636; MGI: 107821; HomoloGene: 3892; GeneCards: HAS2; OMA:HAS2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human)[1] Band 8q24.13 Start 121,612,116 bp[1] End 121,641,440 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15 D1|15 23.31 cM Start 56,529,023 bp[2] End 56,557,935 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cartilage tissue stromal cell of endometrium tibia synovial joint sperm Achilles tendon gallbladder rectum islet of Langerhans epithelium of colon Top expressed in vas deferens tail of embryo abdominal wall maxillary prominence hand efferent ductule conjunctival fornix atrioventricular canal epiblast primitive streak More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity glycosyltransferase activity hyaluronan synthase activity protein binding identical protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm integral component of membrane membrane integral component of plasma membrane plasma membrane raft Biological process atrioventricular canal development positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation hyaluronan biosynthetic process positive regulation of urine volume kidney development estrous cycle positive regulation of cell migration cellular response to tumor necrosis factor bone morphogenesis cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus cellular response to fluid shear stress vasculogenesis positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration positive regulation of keratinocyte migration positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading positive regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process extracellular matrix assembly cellular response to interleukin-1 positive regulation of cell population proliferation extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process hyaluronan metabolic process endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition renal water absorption positive regulation of monocyte aggregation regulation of extracellular matrix assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3037 15117 Ensembl ENSG00000170961 ENSMUSG00000022367 UniProt Q92819 P70312 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005328 NM_008216 RefSeq (protein) NP_005319 NP_032242 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 121.61 – 121.64 Mb Chr 15: 56.53 – 56.56 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid is a high molecular weight unbranched polysaccharide synthesized by a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to mammals, and is a constituent of the extracellular matrix.^[7] It consists of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues that are linked by beta-1-3 and beta-1-4 glycosidic bonds. Hyaluronic acid is synthesized by membrane-bound synthase at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, and the chains are extruded via ABC-Transporter^[8] into the extracellular space. It serves a variety of functions, including space filling, lubrication of joints, and provision of a matrix through which cells can migrate. Hyaluronic acid is produced during wound healing and tissue repair to provide a framework for ingrowth of blood vessels and fibroblasts. Changes in the serum concentration of hyaluronic acid are associated with inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the interaction of hyaluronic acid with the leukocyte receptor CD44 is important in tissue-specific homing by leukocytes, and overexpression of hyaluronic acid receptors has been correlated with tumor metastasis. HAS2 is a member of the vertebrate gene family encoding putative hyaluronan synthases, and its amino acid sequence shows significant homology to glycosaminoglycan synthetase (DG42) from Xenopus laevis, and human and murine hyaluronan synthase 1.^[6]