HOXC10

Homeobox protein Hox-C10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXC10 gene.^[5][6]

HOXC10
Identifiers
Aliases	HOXC10, HOX3I, homeobox C10
External IDs	OMIM: 605560; MGI: 96192; HomoloGene: 9680; GeneCards: HOXC10; OMA:HOXC10 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q13.13 Start 53,985,065 bp[1] End 53,990,279 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15 F3|15 58.03 cM Start 102,875,231 bp[2] End 102,880,328 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gastrocnemius muscle buccal mucosa cell renal medulla popliteal artery tibial arteries tibialis anterior muscle human kidney quadriceps femoris muscle vastus lateralis muscle Achilles tendon Top expressed in tail of embryo knee joint muscle of thigh medial head of gastrocnemius muscle lumbar subsegment of spinal cord quadriceps femoris muscle tibialis anterior muscle vastus lateralis muscle genital tubercle skeletal muscle tissue More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function sequence-specific DNA binding DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase holoenzyme complex nucleus nuclear body nucleoplasm Biological process multicellular organism development skeletal system development proximal/distal pattern formation neuromuscular process regulation of transcription, DNA-templated embryonic limb morphogenesis transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of cell population proliferation anterior/posterior pattern specification spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3226 209448 Ensembl ENSG00000180818 ENSMUSG00000022484 UniProt Q9NYD6 P31257 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_017409 NM_010462 RefSeq (protein) NP_059105 NP_034592 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 53.99 – 53.99 Mb Chr 15: 102.88 – 102.88 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

This gene belongs to the homeobox family of genes. The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms. Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, which are located on different chromosomes and consist of 9 to 11 genes arranged in tandem. This gene is one of several homeobox HOXC genes located in a cluster on chromosome 12. The protein level is controlled during cell differentiation and proliferation, which may indicate this protein has a role in origin activation.^[6]

Pathology

• HOXC10 is overexpressed in breast cancer and transcriptionally regulated by estrogen via involvement of histone methylases MLL3 and MLL4.^[7]
• Methylation of the estrogen-repressed gene HOXC10 in breast cancer determines resistance to aromatase inhibitors. This epigenetic reprogramming of HOXC10 is observed in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.^[8]