Haplogroup L5

Haplogroup L5 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clade. It was previously known as L1e.

Haplogroup L5
Possible time of origin	114,200-126,200 YBP[1]
Possible place of origin	East Africa, Upper Nile Valley
Ancestor	L2-6
Descendants	L5a, L5c
Defining mutations	3423, 7972, 12432, 12950[2]

Distribution

L5 is a small haplogroup centered in East Africa. The highest frequency is in Mbuti Pygmies from Eastern Central Africa at 15%.^[3] It is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania (Sandawe and others), Kenya, Chad, Ethiopia, Sudan, Nubia, Egypt^{[4][Note 1]} and Saudi Arabia.^[5]

Haplogroup L5 has been observed among specimens at the island cemetery in Kulubnarti, Sudan, which date from the Early Christian period (AD 550–800).^[6]

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation^[2] and subsequent published research.

• Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA)
  • L1-6
    • L2-6
      • L5
        • L5a
          • L5a1
            • L5a1a
            • L5a1b
            • L5a1c
          • L5a2
        • L5c
          • L5c1
          • L5c2