Horqin Right Middle Banner

Horqin Right Middle Banner (Mongolian script: ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ; Chinese: 科尔沁右翼中旗) is a banner in the east of Inner Mongolia, China, bordering Jilin province to the east. It is under the administration of Hinggan League. The local Mongolian dialect is Khorchin Mongolian. The banner spans an area of 15,613 square kilometers in area, and has a population of 207,380 as of 2020.^[2][1]

Horqin Right Middle Banner 科尔沁右翼中旗 • ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
Banner
Hinggan divisions: Horqin Right Middle Banner is 5 on this map
Horqin RMB Location of the seat in Inner Mongolia Show map of Inner Mongolia Horqin RMB Horqin RMB (China) Show map of China
Coordinates (Horqin Right Middle Banner government): 45.061°N 121.477°E / 45.061; 121.477
Country	China
Autonomous region	Inner Mongolia
League	Hinggan
Banner seat	Bayan Huxu
Area [1]
• Total	15,613 km2 (6,028 sq mi)
Population  (2020)[1]
• Total	207,380
• Density	13/km2 (34/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	029400
Website	www.kyzq.gov.cn

Horqin Right Middle Banner
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	科尔沁右翼中旗
Traditional Chinese	科爾沁右翼中旗
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin kē'ěrqìn Yòuyì Zhōng Qí
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic	Хорчин Баруун Гарын Дундад Хошуу
Mongolian script	ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
Transcriptions SASM/GNC Qorčin Baraɣun Ɣarun Dumdadu qosiɣu

Name

"Horqin" in Mongolian translates to "archer".^[1] The area was also historically known as the Tüsheet Banner (ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ, Chinese: 图什业图旗).^[1]

Geography

It borders Horqin Right Front Banner and Tuquan County to the north, Tongyu County and Taonan in Jilin Province to the east, Horqin Left Middle Banner to the south, and Jarud Banner, Huolinguole and East Ujimqin Banner to the west.^[1]

The banner's main rivers include the Holin Gol [zh], the Obor Hund Gol [zh], the Emtin Gol (额木庭郭勒), and the Wunugeqi Gol (乌努格其河).^[3]

Climate

The average annual temperature is 5.6 °C, and the annual precipitation is typically between 350 and 400 mm.^[3]

Climate data for Horqin Right Middle Banner (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	8.5 (47.3)	14.4 (57.9)	29.2 (84.6)	33.7 (92.7)	40.0 (104.0)	42.1 (107.8)	39.9 (103.8)	39.9 (103.8)	35.3 (95.5)	29.7 (85.5)	19.4 (66.9)	11.4 (52.5)	42.1 (107.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−7.4 (18.7)	−2.2 (28.0)	5.8 (42.4)	15.8 (60.4)	23.5 (74.3)	27.9 (82.2)	29.6 (85.3)	28.3 (82.9)	23.2 (73.8)	14.2 (57.6)	2.1 (35.8)	−6.1 (21.0)	12.9 (55.2)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−12.6 (9.3)	−8.3 (17.1)	−0.6 (30.9)	9.2 (48.6)	16.9 (62.4)	22.0 (71.6)	24.4 (75.9)	22.6 (72.7)	16.6 (61.9)	7.8 (46.0)	−3.2 (26.2)	−10.9 (12.4)	7.0 (44.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−16.5 (2.3)	−13.0 (8.6)	−6.2 (20.8)	3.0 (37.4)	10.6 (51.1)	16.5 (61.7)	19.6 (67.3)	17.6 (63.7)	10.9 (51.6)	2.5 (36.5)	−7.6 (18.3)	−14.8 (5.4)	1.9 (35.4)
Record low °C (°F)	−29.4 (−20.9)	−27.5 (−17.5)	−19.5 (−3.1)	−9.2 (15.4)	−0.5 (31.1)	4.5 (40.1)	11.7 (53.1)	8.9 (48.0)	0.8 (33.4)	−12.6 (9.3)	−21.6 (−6.9)	−26.6 (−15.9)	−29.4 (−20.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	1.1 (0.04)	1.8 (0.07)	4.8 (0.19)	12.6 (0.50)	38.2 (1.50)	75.1 (2.96)	111.7 (4.40)	79.4 (3.13)	29.2 (1.15)	13.4 (0.53)	3.8 (0.15)	3.2 (0.13)	374.3 (14.75)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	1.9	1.5	3.2	4.0	7.4	11.3	12.2	10.2	7.0	4.1	2.3	2.8	67.9
Average snowy days	3.1	2.2	3.8	1.6	0.1	0	0	0	0	1.0	3.3	4.5	19.6
Average relative humidity (%)	46	40	36	33	39	54	66	65	54	45	46	49	48
Mean monthly sunshine hours	213.2	229.9	277.3	275.9	292.0	271.2	264.9	274.4	262.1	244.2	193.7	186.8	2,985.6
Percentage possible sunshine	75	78	74	68	63	58	57	64	71	73	69	69	68
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5]

Climate data for Gaoliban Town, Horqin Right Middle Banner (1991–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−7.3 (18.9)	−2.0 (28.4)	6.2 (43.2)	16.1 (61.0)	23.7 (74.7)	28.2 (82.8)	29.8 (85.6)	28.4 (83.1)	23.4 (74.1)	14.4 (57.9)	2.3 (36.1)	−6.1 (21.0)	13.1 (55.6)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−13.8 (7.2)	−9.1 (15.6)	−1.1 (30.0)	8.8 (47.8)	16.7 (62.1)	21.9 (71.4)	24.2 (75.6)	22.2 (72.0)	16.0 (60.8)	7.2 (45.0)	−4.2 (24.4)	−12.1 (10.2)	6.4 (43.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−18.9 (−2.0)	−15.1 (4.8)	−8.1 (17.4)	1.2 (34.2)	9.3 (48.7)	15.5 (59.9)	18.9 (66.0)	16.6 (61.9)	9.2 (48.6)	0.7 (33.3)	−9.7 (14.5)	−17.1 (1.2)	0.2 (32.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	0.9 (0.04)	1.9 (0.07)	3.6 (0.14)	11.7 (0.46)	35.4 (1.39)	63.1 (2.48)	89.4 (3.52)	67.8 (2.67)	32.4 (1.28)	11.1 (0.44)	3.0 (0.12)	2.6 (0.10)	322.9 (12.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	1.9	1.5	2.5	3.8	7.3	11.2	11.7	9.2	6.7	3.7	2.4	2.6	64.5
Average snowy days	2.8	2.0	3.2	1.2	0.1	0	0	0	0.2	0.9	2.9	3.6	16.9
Average relative humidity (%)	51	43	38	36	43	58	70	72	62	51	52	54	53
Mean monthly sunshine hours	204.5	220.1	264.5	261.5	275.7	260.4	251.1	252.5	243.3	224.3	188.5	183.2	2,829.6
Percentage possible sunshine	71	74	71	64	60	56	54	59	66	67	67	67	65
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5]

History

A segment of the Jin Dynasty Great Wall [zh] runs through the banner.^[3] The Jin Dynasty city of Tule Mod (吐列毛) was located in the banner, and its ruins of the city still exist within the banner.^[3]

Horqin Right Middle Banner was established in 1636.^[1]

Administrative divisions

The banner is divided into 6 towns and 6 sums.^[3][6] The banner's seat of government is the town of Bayan Huxu [zh].^[3]

Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Mongolian (Hudum Script)	Mongolian (Cyrillic)	Administrative division code
Towns
Bayan Huxu Town	巴彦呼舒镇	Bāyànhūshū Zhèn	ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ	Баянхошуу балгас	152222100
Barun Jirem Town	巴仁哲里木镇	Bārénzhélǐmù Zhèn	ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ	Баруун жирим балгас	152222101
Tule Mod Town	吐列毛杜镇	Tǔlièmáodù Zhèn	ᠲᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ	Дөлгөөмт балгас	152222102
Durelj Town	杜尔基镇	Dù'ěrjī Zhèn	ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ	Дөрөлж балгас	152222103
Golin Baixing Town	高力板镇	Gāolìbǎn Zhèn	ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ	Голын байшин балгас	152222104
Hoyor Sum Town	好腰苏木镇	Hǎoyāosūmù Zhèn	ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ	Хоёр сум балгас	152222105
Sums
Daiqin Tal Sum	代钦塔拉苏木	Dàiqīntǎlā Sūmù	ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠨᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ	Дайчинэтэл сум	152222200
Xinjam Sum	新佳木苏木	Xīnjiāmù Sūmù	ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠵᠠᠮ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ	Шинэзэм сум	152222201
Har Nur Sum	哈日诺尔苏木	Hārìnuò'ěr Sūmù	ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ	Харнуур сум	152222202
Emtin Gol Sum	额木庭高勒苏木	Émùtínggāolè Sūmù	ᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ	Эмтийн гол сум	152222203
Bayan Mangh Sum	巴彦茫哈苏木	Bāyànmánghā Sūmù	ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠮᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ	Баянманх сум	152222204
Bayan Nur Sum	巴彦淖尔苏木	Bāyànnào'ěr Sūmù	ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ	Баяннуур сум	152222205

Others:

• Budun Hua Ranch (布敦化牧场)
• Tule Mod Farm (吐列毛杜农场)
• Monggon Tolgoi Mine Work Unit (孟恩套力盖矿区工作部)
• Budun Hua Mine Work Unit (布敦化矿区工作部)

Demographics

The banner has a population of 255,494 people, hailing from 14 different ethnic groups.^[1] The ethnic Mongolian population is dominant in the banner, accounting for 86.6% of the total population, the highest proportion of any banner.^[1]

Economy

As of 2016, the banner's GDP totaled 6.596 billion Yuan, government revenue totaled 232 million Yuan, urban per capita disposable income reached 21,700 Yuan, and rural per capita disposable income reached 7,904 Yuan.^[7]

The banner's main mineral deposits include gold, tin, copper, iron, lead, zinc, coal, rare earth minerals, perlite, and quartz.^[3]

Transportation

The Tongliao-Holin Gol railway [zh] passes through the banner, as does National Highway 110.^[3]