Inner kins (Chinese)

Inner kins (simplified Chinese: 宗亲; traditional Chinese: 宗親; pinyin: zōngqīn) is the kinship clan in Chinese patriarchy. This term usually referred to the paternal family. Since the Zhou Dynasty, traditional Chinese society has been structured around networks of male kins who controlled rituals and the traditions of warfare, while maternal cousins had no right to intervene.^[1][2][3]

Inner kins
Traditional Chinese	1. 堂親 2. 内親 3. 宗亲 4. 族亲 5. 同宗
Simplified Chinese	1. 堂亲 2. 内亲 3. 宗亲 4. 族亲 5. 同宗
Literal meaning	1. hall kin 2. inner kin 3. lineage kin 4. clan/ethnicity kin 5. same lineage
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin 1. tángqīn 2. nèiqīn 3. zōngqīn 4. zúqīn 5. tóngzōng Bopomofo 1. ㄊㄤˊ ㄑㄧㄣ 2. ㄋㄟˋ ㄑㄧㄣ 3. ㄗㄨㄥ ㄑㄧㄣ 4. ㄗㄨˊ ㄑㄧㄣ Wade–Giles 1. t'ang2-ch'in1 2. nei4-ch'in1 3. tsung1-ch'in1 Tongyong Pinyin 1. táng-chīn 2. nèi-chīn 3. zōng-chīn 4. zú-chīn 5. tóng-zōng IPA 1. [tʰǎŋ.tɕʰín] 2. [nêɪ.tɕʰín] 3. [tsʊ́ŋ.tɕʰín] other Mandarin Sichuanese Pinyin 3. zong1 qin1 Wu Romanization 1. don qin Gan Romanization 1. dong chin Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization 1. tòhng chān 2. noih chān 3. jūng chān Jyutping 1. tong4 can1 2. noi6 can1 3. zung1 can1 IPA [tʰɔŋ˩.tsʰɐn˥] Southern Min Hokkien POJ 1. tông-chhin 2. lāi-chhin

Besides women who were married into the clan, inner kins share the same surname. They are not allowed to marry each other.^[4]

Members

• Father and mother (父母; fùmǔ) ― the mother is "transplanted"^{[original research?]} (嫁; jià) to father by her family of origin (原生家庭; yuánshēng jiātíng).

• Paternal grandfather (祖父、爷爷; zǔfù, yéye) and paternal grandmother (祖母、奶奶; zǔmǔ, nǎinai).

• Paternal uncles (叔、伯; shū, bó) and aunts (姑; gū).

• Paternal cousins (堂兄弟姐妹; táng xiōngdì jiěmèi).

• Sons (儿子; érzi), their wives (daughters-in-law) (儿媳; érxí).

See also

• Outer kins
• Chinese kin
• Patriarchal clan system