IRF1

Interferon regulatory factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF1 gene.^[4][5]

IRF1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1IF1
Identifiers
Aliases	IRF1, IRF-1, MAR, interferon regulatory factor 1
External IDs	OMIM: 147575; MGI: 96590; HomoloGene: 1658; GeneCards: IRF1; OMA:IRF1 - orthologs
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[1] Band 11 B1.3|11 32.0 cM Start 53,660,841 bp[1] End 53,669,200 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) n/a Top expressed in granulocyte jejunum mesenteric lymph nodes duodenum corneal stroma large intestine spleen colon ileum primary oocyte BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding protein binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol nucleoplasm nucleus Biological process apoptotic process regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation regulation of innate immune response negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation regulation of transcription, DNA-templated cellular response to interferon-beta interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway immune system process regulation of adaptive immune response blood coagulation regulation of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated regulation of cell cycle positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated cellular response to mechanical stimulus defense response to virus type I interferon signaling pathway regulation of immune response regulation of gene expression innate immune response negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of type I interferon production positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of interferon-beta production Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3659 16362 Ensembl ENSG00000125347 ENSMUSG00000018899 UniProt P10914 P15314 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002198 NM_001159393 NM_001159396 NM_008390 RefSeq (protein) NP_002189 NP_001341853 NP_001341854 NP_001152865 NP_001152868 NP_032416 Location (UCSC) n/a Chr 11: 53.66 – 53.67 Mb PubMed search [2] [3]
Wikidata
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Function

Interferon regulatory factor 1 was the first member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family identified. Initially described as a transcription factor able to activate expression of the cytokine Interferon beta,^[6] IRF-1 was subsequently shown to function as a transcriptional activator or repressor of a variety of target genes. IRF-1 regulates expression of target genes by binding to an interferon stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. The IRF-1 protein binds to the ISRE via an N-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA binding domain,^[7] which is highly conserved among all IRF proteins.

Beyond its function as a transcription factor, IRF-1 has also been shown to trans-activate the tumour suppressor protein p53 through the recruitment of its co-factor p300.^[8]

IRF-1 has been shown to play roles in the immune response, regulating apoptosis, DNA damage and tumor suppression.^[9]

Regulation

It has been shown that the extreme C-terminus of IRF-1 regulates its ability to activate transcription, nanobodies targeting this domain (MF1) are able to increase IRF-1 activity.^[10]

Interactions

IRF1 has been shown to interact with:

• CHIP^[11]
• GAGE^[12]
• HSP70 / HSP90^[13]
• IRF8^[14][15]
• KPNA2^[16]
• MYD88^[17]
• PCAF^[18]
• STAT1^[19]
• TAT^[20]
• VEGFR2^[21]
• REDD2^[22]

See also

• IRF2
• Interferon regulatory factors