Japanese transliteration (rōmaji) |
Japanese term (kanji or kana) |
original Dutch term |
English translation of Dutch |
Meaning of Japanese term |
Details |
arukari[2] |
アルカリ |
alkali |
alkali |
alkali |
From Arabic, through Dutch. |
arukōru[1] |
アルコール |
alcohol |
alcohol |
alcohol (chemistry), alcoholic drink[3][4] |
From Arabic, through Dutch. |
asubesuto[2] |
アスベスト |
asbest |
asbestos |
asbestos |
From Greek, through Dutch. |
bīru[5] |
ビール, 麦酒 |
bier |
beer |
beer |
|
bisuketto[1] |
ビスケット |
beschuit |
biscuit |
biscuit |
Reinforcement of Portuguese biscoito. |
bōru[1] |
ボール |
boor |
bore |
drill, bore |
After 1720. |
buriki[2] |
ブリキ |
blik |
tin (can) |
tinplate[6] |
|
chifusu[2] |
チフス |
tyfus |
typhus |
typhus |
From Greek, through Dutch. |
chinki[2] |
チンキ |
tinctuur |
tincture |
tincture |
Shortened from chinkityūru (チンキテュール). |
dansu |
ダンス |
dans |
dance |
dance |
|
doitsu |
ドイツ |
Duits |
German |
Germany |
|
dokku |
ドック |
dok |
dock |
dry dock |
Also a contraction of ningen dokku (ja:人間ドック, (literary: human dry dock) routine physical examination). |
dontaku[1] |
ドンタク |
zondag |
Sunday |
Sunday |
Also occasionally found as zontaku (ゾンタク). Appears from the early Meiji period, after 1868.
(As of 2021[update]) usage reduced to specific terms e.g. Hakata Dontaku. |
doronken[2] |
ドロンケン |
dronken |
drunk |
drunk |
obsolete |
ekisu[2] |
エキス |
extract |
extract |
extract |
Shortened from ekisutorakuto (エキストラクト). |
erekishiteito[1] |
エレキシテイト |
elektriciteit |
electricity |
electricity |
Obsolete, replaced by denki (電気). |
erekiteru[2] |
エレキテル |
corruption of elektriciteit |
electricity |
elekiter |
A type of electrostatic generator used for electric experiments in the 18th century. |
ēteru[1] |
エーテル |
ether |
ether |
ether, aether |
From Greek, through Dutch.
"Ethernet" is pronounced īsanetto from English. |
garasu[5] |
ガラス, 硝子 |
glas |
glass (of a window) |
glass (the material) |
|
gasu[2] |
ガス, 瓦斯 |
gas |
gas |
gas |
|
giyaman[1] |
ギヤマン |
diamant |
diamond |
diamond,
glass (the material) |
Obsolete.
From Greek, through Dutch. |
gomu[1] |
ゴム |
gom, gum |
rubber |
rubber |
|
gorofukuren[2] |
ゴロフクレン, 呉絽服連 |
grofgrein |
grosgrain |
grosgrain |
Obsolete |
hamu[1] |
ハム |
ham |
ham |
ham |
|
handon |
半ドン, ハンドン |
zondag |
Sunday |
half-day; holiday |
Compound of Japanese han (half) and dontaku (< zondag). This word is no longer commonly used in Japanese. |
hatoron[2] |
ハトロン, パトロン |
patroon |
cartridge (firearms) |
cartridge case (firearms)[7] |
Obsolete. Only remain in hatoronshi (ja:ハトロン紙, kraft paper). |
henrūda[2] |
ヘンルーダ |
wijnruit |
common rue |
common rue |
|
hetto[2] |
ヘット |
vet |
fat |
beef tallow |
Cognate with English fat. |
hisuterii |
ヒステリー |
hysterie |
hysteria |
hysteria |
|
hokku[1][8] |
ホック |
hoek |
hook |
hook |
Cognate with English hook. |
infuruenza[1] |
インフルエンザ |
influenza |
influenza |
influenza |
After 1720. More likely borrowed from English. The term originated in Italian, and became common worldwide in the 18th century via English. |
inki[2] |
インキ |
inkt |
ink |
ink |
|
kamitsure[1] |
カミツレ |
kamille |
camomile |
camomile |
From Greek, through Dutch and Chinese. The medial -tsu appears due to the Japanese reading of the Chinese spelling 加密列.[9] After 1720; first imported in 1818, and first attested in 1822.[9] |
kantera[2] |
カンテラ |
kandelaar |
candlestick |
kerosene lamp |
|
kapitan[1] |
カピタン, 甲比丹 |
kapitein |
captain |
(obsolete: captain), chief of Dutch East India Company's post in Japan[10] |
More likely derived from Portuguese capitão.[10] |
karan |
カラン |
kraan |
tap (UK) / faucet (Am.) |
tap (UK) / faucet (Am.) |
Cognate with English crane, from the resemblance of the bird's neck to a faucet pipe. |
kari[2] |
カリ, カリウム |
kali, kalium |
potassium |
potassium |
|
karuki[2] |
カルキ |
kalk |
lime (the chemical), chlorinated lime |
lime (the chemical), chlorinated lime |
Cognate with English chalk. |
katēteru[2] |
カテーテル |
katheter |
catheter |
catheter |
From Greek, through Dutch. |
kechin[1] |
ケチン |
ketting |
chain |
chain |
After 1720. Now obsolete (replaced by kusari (鎖)). |
keido[11] |
珪土 |
keiaarde |
silica |
silica |
Calque. The initial element kei is a phonetic borrowing from the kei in the Dutch term keiaarde, and the do in the Japanese (土, "earth, soil") is a translation of the aarde ("earth, soil") of the Dutch term. First appears in 1877. Now obsolete, replaced by shirika (シリカ) from English silica. |
kiruku / koruku[2] |
キルク / コルク |
kurk |
cork |
cork |
|
kōhī[5] |
コーヒー, 珈琲 |
koffie |
coffee |
coffee |
From Arabic, through Dutch. |
kokku[2] |
コック |
kok |
cook |
chef[12] |
|
koppu[1] |
コップ |
kop |
cup |
cup |
Reinforcement of Portuguese copo. |
konpasu[1] |
コンパス |
kompas |
compass |
compass |
|
korera[2] |
コレラ |
cholera |
cholera |
cholera |
From Greek, through Dutch. |
kureosōto[2] |
クレオソート |
creosoot |
creosote |
creosote |
|
madorosu[1] |
マドロス |
matroos |
sailor |
sailor |
|
masuto[1] |
マスト |
mast |
mast |
mast |
|
mesu[1] |
メス |
mes |
knife |
scalpel |
After 1720. |
moruhine[1] |
モルヒネ |
morfine |
morphine |
morphine |
After 1720. |
morumotto[13] |
モルモット |
marmot |
marmot |
Guinea pig |
|
nisu[14] |
ニス |
vernis |
varnish |
varnish |
|
oburāto[2] |
オブラート |
oblaat |
wafer |
oblaat[15] |
Also listed in some Japanese sources as deriving from the cognate German term Oblate.[15] |
orugōru[5] |
オルゴール |
(orgel) muziekdoos |
(organ) music box |
(organ) music box |
|
penki[13] |
ペンキ |
pek, pik |
house paint |
house paint |
|
pesuto[1] |
ペスト |
pest |
black death |
black death |
After 1720. |
pinto[13] |
ピント |
punt |
focus |
focus |
Shortened from the longer term brandpunt. |
pisutoru[5] |
ピストル |
pistool |
pistol |
pistol |
|
ponpu[1] |
ポンプ |
pomp |
pump |
pump |
After 1720. |
ponzu[2] |
ポン酢 |
pons |
|
ponzu |
The Dutch term pons for the beverage was already obsolescent by 1864,[16] and was eventually superseded by the term punsch or punch. |
randoseru[2] |
ランドセル |
ransel |
backpack |
randoseru |
From German Ränzel or Low German rensel, through Dutch. |
ranpu[2] |
ランプ, 洋灯 |
lamp |
lamp |
lamp |
From Greek, through Dutch. |
retoruto[2] |
レトルト |
retort |
retort |
retort, retort pouch |
|
renzu[2] |
レンズ |
lens |
lens |
lens |
|
safuran[2] |
サフラン |
saffraan |
saffron |
saffron |
|
saten[2] |
サテン |
satijn |
satin |
satin |
|
seimi[2] |
セイミ, 舎密 |
chemie |
chemistry |
chemistry |
Now obsolete, replaced by kagaku (化学). |
shian[2] |
シアン |
cyaan |
cyan |
cyan |
|
shiroppu[2] |
シロップ |
siroop |
syrup |
syrup |
|
sukoppu[13] |
スコップ |
schop |
trowel |
trowel |
Cognate with English scoop. |
supoito[2] |
スポイト |
spuit |
syringe |
syringe |
Cognate with English spout. |
tarumomētoru[1] |
タルモメートル |
thermometer |
thermometer |
thermometer |
From French, through Dutch. After 1720. Now obsolete; replaced by taionkei (体温計). |
teresukoppu[1] |
テレスコップ |
telescoop |
telescope |
telescope |
From Italian and Modern Latin, through Dutch. After 1720. Replaced by bōenkyō (望遠鏡). |
yojiumu[2] |
ヨジウム |
jodium |
iodine |
iodine |
Now transformed into yōso (ja:ヨウ素, iodine). |
zukku[2] |
ズック |
doek |
canvas |
canvas,
canvas shoes[17] |
Both Japanese zukku and English duck ("piece of cloth") are borrowings from Dutch doek.[18] |