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June 1973

Month of 1973 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

June 1973
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The following events occurred in June 1973:

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June 18, 1973: Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev meets with and U.S. President Richard Nixon at the White House (pictured, interpreter Viktor Sukhodrev
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June 1, 1973: Greece's Prime Minister Papadopoulos decrees the monarchy of King Constantine II abolished and proclaims himself President of Greece.
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June 7, 1973: Astronauts Kerwin and Conrad are thrown from Skylab's hull, but their cords withstand the force of each astronaut's mass and prevent them from drifting into space.[1][2]
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June 1, 1973 (Friday)

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June 2, 1973 (Saturday)

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June 3, 1973 (Sunday)

June 4, 1973 (Monday)

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June 5, 1973 (Tuesday)

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June 6, 1973 (Wednesday)

  • West Germany's President Gustav Heinemann signed a treaty with East Germany, despite a legal challenge by the state of Bavaria to the constitutionality of the treaty.[23] West Germany's Constitutional Court rejected the Bavarian challenge, and the treaty took effect on June 21.[24]
  • The first Polski Fiat 126p was constructed from Italian parts. The official price was 69,000 Polish złotys with PKO Bank Polski accepting pre-payments on savings books starting 5 February 1973.[25]
  • Born: Ahmad Al Shugairi, Saudi Arabian activist and media figure; in Jeddah
  • Died: Jimmy Clitheroe, 51, English entertainer,[26] after having taken an overdose of sleeping pills on the day of his mother's funeral.[27]
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June 7, 1973 (Thursday)

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June 8, 1973 (Friday)

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June 9, 1973 (Saturday)

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Generalissimo Franco and Admiral Carrero

June 10, 1973 (Sunday)

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June 11, 1973 (Monday)

  • Libya's leader, Muammar Gaddafi, announced the nationalization of U.S. multimillionaire Nelson Bunker Hunt's oil company in the North African nation, giving Libya full control of the Sareer oilfield that had once been owned by Hunt and by British Petroleum. In a speech, Khadafy said "The time has come for us to deal America a strong slap on its cool arrogant face," and added "The right to nationalize comes under our sovereignty over our land. We can do whatever we want with our oil."[45] As one author would note later, the action against Hunt "demoted him from wealthiest man in the world to an ordinary multimillionaire, restoring his status as a rich man's son rather than wealthy in his own right."[46]
  • Diplocardia meansi, also known as "Means's Giant Earthworm" (because of its 18-inch (460 mm) length), was discovered by D. Bruce Means in Polk County, Arkansas.[47]
  • Died:
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June 12, 1973 (Tuesday)

June 13, 1973 (Wednesday)

June 14, 1973 (Thursday)

June 15, 1973 (Friday)

  • The "Common Declaration on the Access of the Comoros to Independence", referred to as theAccords du 15 Juin 1973, was signed in Paris by representatives of the French government and by Chief Minister Ahmed Abdallah of the Comoro Islands, a French colony off of the coast of Africa, providing for independence within the next five years.[60] With the exception of one of the islands, Mayotte, the Comoros would become independent on July 6, 1975, following a referendum on December 22, 1974.[61]
  • The Soviet Union successfully launched an uncrewed Soyuz spacecraft into orbit, then brought it back to Earth two days later, designating it as Kosmos 573 to disguise its purpose. The Soyuz craft was not docked to the orbiting Salyut space station, but the results gave the Soviets reason to clear the launch of Soyuz 12, with a crew of two cosmonauts, on September 27.[62]

June 16, 1973 (Saturday)

June 17, 1973 (Sunday)

June 18, 1973 (Monday)

  • The Washington Summit, a meeting of the leaders of the United States (President Richard Nixon) and of the Soviet Union (Communist Party First Secretary Leonid Brezhnev) began at the White House in Washington D.C., and a state dinner took place in the evening.[73]
  • Operation End Sweep, clearing by the United States of sea mines that had been placed in the harbors of North Vietnam, resumed after a joint communiqué had been signed in Paris on June 13. Minesweeping had been suspended on April 15 after the U.S. had accused North Vietnam of failing to abide by the January 18 peace accords. The U.S. Navy's Task Force 78 completed the clearing of mines out of Haiphong harbor, then followed with Hon Gai and Cam Pha and the coastal areas off of Vinh. No further mines were founded after July 5, and on July 28, Task Force 78 left North Vietnamese territorial waters.
  • Gordie Howe, who had played in the National Hockey League (NHL) until for more than 30 years before stepping down in 1971 to accept an office position for the Detroit Red Wings, signed with the rival World Hockey Association (WHA)'s Houston Aeros. Howe received an unprecedented one million dollar contract to play four seasons, while the Aeros also signed his sons, Mark Howe and Marty Howe to four-year player contracts for $400,000 apiece.[74] The two sons, who were 19 and 18 years old, were prevented by NHL rules from being signed because of a rule that no amateur player would be eligible for the NHL draft until age 20.[75]
  • Born:
  • Died:

June 19, 1973 (Tuesday)

June 20, 1973 (Wednesday)

June 21, 1973 (Thursday)

  • The U.S. Supreme Court issued its landmark decision in Miller v. California, setting a three-prong standard for determining whether of not material is obscene (and thus not protected under the free speech guarantee of the First Amendment to the Constitution). Announcing a standard for acceptable free speech as a work that has "serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value", the Court endorsed, 5 to 4, what is now called the "Miller test".
  • The United States Hockey Hall of Fame was opened in the village of Eveleth, Minnesota to honor American ice hockey players not enshrined in the Hockey Hall of Fame (which at the time had only two persons born outside of Canada as honorees (U.S. natives Hobey Baker and Frank Brimsek) In addition to Baker and Brimsek, 22 American players were inducted in the first group.
  • Born: Zuzana Čaputová, President of Slovakia since 2019; in Bratislava;[87] Juliette Lewis, U.S. actress and singer, in Los Angeles[88]
  • Died: Frank Leahy, 64, American college football coach for Boston College (1939–1940) and the University of Notre Dame (1941–1943, 1946–1953). With a career record of 107 wins, 13 losses and 9 ties, his winning percentage of .864 remains the second best in NCAA Division I football history, second to Notre Dame coach Knute Rockne.[89]

June 22, 1973 (Friday)

June 23, 1973 (Saturday)

June 24, 1973 (Sunday)

  • A fire killed 32 people and injured 15 at the UpStairs Lounge, a gay bar in New Orleans.[96] Most of the persons killed had been trapped inside the building by bars across the three front windows.[97] While the blaze was caused by arson and would remain the worst attack on a gay bar until the 2016 Pulse Night Club shooting in 2016, no evidence was ever found that the murder was a hate crime, and the person considered by police to be the most likely suspect was a gay man who had recently been made to leave the bar earlier.[98]
  • Leonid Brezhnev became the first Soviet leader to address the American people on television.[99] Brezhnev's 47-minute speech was pre-recorded the afternoon before at President Nixon's estate, and then broadcast the next evening at 6:00 p.m. in each of the U.S. time zones. Among other things, he declared that "Mankind has outgrown the rigid 'cold war' armor which it was once forced to wear. It wants to breathe freely and peacefully."[100]
  • Died:
    • G. Raymond Rettew, 70, American biochemist who pioneered the mass production of the antibiotic penicillin during World War II and prevented tens of thousands of wounded U.S. troops from becoming fatally infected.
    • Bud Westmore, 55, American film makeup artist, died of a heart attack.[101]

June 25, 1973 (Monday)

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Former White House counsel John Dean

June 26, 1973 (Tuesday)

  • The Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology was founded in Bangalore in India.[109]
  • In the Soviet Union, the explosion of a Kosmos-3M rocket killed nine people at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.[110][111] The disaster would be revealed in 1989 when the Plesetsk center ended decades of secrecy and invited the Western press to visit.[112]
  • Albania's leader, Enver Hoxha, announced that his Communist nation would move further from the "degenerated bourgeois culture" popular in North America and Western Europe. In his speech to the Central Committee of the Albanian Workers' Party (Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë), General Secretary Hoxha said that "the spread of certain vulgar, alien tastes in music and art is contrary to socialist ethics and the positive traditions of our people," and cited "degenerate importations such as long hair, extravagant dress, screaming jungle music, coarse language, shameless behavior and so on."[113]
  • Died:

June 27, 1973 (Wednesday)

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President Bordaberry
  • Democratic rule in Uruguay was suspended as President Juan María Bordaberry closed parliament and imposed direct rule of the South American nation by a junta of military generals.[114][115] In his Decree Number 464/1973, President Bordaberry announced that the General Assembly (the Senate and the Chamber of Representatives) were dissolved and replaced by the "Council of National Security" (Consejo de Seguridad Nacional or COSENA), with the president to be advised by the Junta de Oficiales Generales (JOG).
  • In testimony before the Senate Watergate Committee, John Dean revealed the existence of an "enemies list" of 20 people. The list had been maintained in the White House for the purpose of using "the available federal machinery to screw our political enemies," including the use of tax audits by the Internal Revenue Service and manipulating federal contracts and grants.[116]
  • Born: Tom Tugendhat, British politician, Minister of State for Security; in Westminster, London[117]
  • Died:
    • Earl Browder, 82, American Communist and Chairman of the Communist Party USA from 1934 to 1945 during the height of its membership[118]
    • Arthur P. Jacobs, 51, American film producer known for the Planet of the Apes series of films and Goodbye, Mr. Chips, died of a sudden heart attack.[119]

June 28, 1973 (Thursday)

June 29, 1973 (Friday)

  • Chilean Army Lieutenant Colonel Roberto Souper, having learned that he would be relieved of his command for his part in the conspiracy exposed on the previous day, failed in an attempted coup against the government of President Salvador Allende. Souper led 100 soldiers and four tanks from the 2nd Armored Regiment in an attack in Santiago on the Palacio de La Moneda, the presidential palace, shortly before 9:00 in the morning. Six civilians and a palace guard were killed, and 22 wounded before government troops put down the rebellion.[123][124]
  • By a vote of 73 to 16, the U.S. Senate passed the Case–Church Amendment, an attachment to a funding bill for the U.S. Department of State, prohibiting any further U.S. military activity in Indochina (North Vietnam, South Vietnam, Laos or Cambodia) without advance Congressional approval. The bill had passed the U.S. House of Representatives, 325 to 86, on June 26.[125] After Nixon had vetoed the initial measure and cited national security as a factor, the House and Senate reached a compromise with the White House, allowing bombing of Cambodia to continue until August 15, 1973, rather than to halt immediately. The compromise passed 236 to 169 in the House and 63 to 26 in the Senate.[126] President Nixon signed the measure into law on July 1.
  • In Madrid, Athletic Bilbao won Spain's national championship playoff for soccer football, defeating CD Castellón, 2 to 0, to win the Copa del Generalísimo (now the Copa del Rey).

June 30, 1973 (Saturday)

  • After a little more than 117 days of drifting at sea for 1,500 miles (2,400 km) on a life raft, Britons Maurice and Maralyn Bailey were rescued by the crew of the South Korean fishing boat Weolmi 306.[127][128] On March 4, 1973, the Baileys were forced to evacuate to the raft when their yacht, the Auralyn, sank in the Pacific Ocean after being damaged by a whale.
  • A very long total solar eclipse was seen over most of the continent of Africa, lasting seven minutes and four seconds, the longest since June 20, 1955 (7 minutes, 8 seconds). During the entire 2nd millennium (1001 CE to 2000 CE), only seven total solar eclipses exceeded 7 minutes of totality. Another total eclipse of more than seven minutes will not occur until June 25, 2150.
  • Iraq's Defense Minister, General Saadoun Ghaidan, was shot to death along with two other officers, Lieutenant Suleiman Mushed and police lieutenant Juhad Ahmed Duelmi, after being invited to a banquet by the nation's Director of Public Security, Nazem Kazzar.[129]
  • Aeroflot Flight 512 crashed into a building after taking off from the Amman international airport in Jordan, killing seven people in the building and two members of the flight crew.[130] The 78 passengers on board, and five of the seven crew, survived.[131]
  • The 60th Tour de France began from Scheveningen in the Netherlands.[132]
  • Born:
  • Died:
    • Nancy Mitford, 68, English novelist[133]
    • Vasyl Velychkovsky, 70, Soviet Ukrainian priest who spent 13 years in prison for his religious activities, died one year after being allowed to emigrate, succumbing to complications from injuries sustained during his incarceration.

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