KIR2DS4

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR2DS4 gene.^[3][4][5]

KIR2DS4
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3H8N
Identifiers
Aliases	KIR2DS4, CD158I, KIR1D, KIR2DS1, KIR412, KKA3, NKAT-8, NKAT8, KIR-2DS4, killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, two Ig domains and short cytoplasmic tail 4
External IDs	OMIM: 604955; GeneCards: KIR2DS4; OMA:KIR2DS4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.42 Start 54,832,676 bp[1] End 54,848,569 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in tendon of biceps brachii granulocyte blood bone marrow cells spleen right lung placenta endometrium pharynx upper lobe of lung n/a More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding MHC class Ib protein binding Cellular component integral component of plasma membrane membrane integral component of membrane plasma membrane Biological process innate immune response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3809 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000273931 ENSG00000274406 ENSG00000277078 ENSG00000274807 ENSG00000275353 ENSG00000275731 ENSG00000273526 ENSG00000275351 ENSG00000274921 ENSG00000277345 ENSG00000276885 ENSG00000284408 ENSG00000274957 ENSG00000276154 ENSG00000284307 ENSG00000283779 ENSG00000274324 ENSG00000221957 ENSG00000274714 ENSG00000274533 ENSG00000276209 ENSG00000276634 ENSG00000276465 ENSG00000274947 ENSG00000283727 ENSG00000283846 ENSG00000276395 ENSG00000275938 ENSG00000284244 ENSG00000284264 ENSG00000283870 ENSG00000283882 ENSG00000276254 n/a UniProt P43632 Q8NHJ0 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012314 NM_001281971 NM_001281972 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001268900 NP_001268901 NP_036446 NP_001268900.1 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 54.83 – 54.85 Mb n/a PubMed search [2] n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase (DAP12) binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response.^[5]

KIR2DS4 is a product of a gene conversion with KIR3DL2.^[6] KIR2DS4 has unusual HLA-I specificity binding some HLA-C allotypes and HLA-A*11.^[6] A common allele of KIR2DS4 encodes a truncated version (KIR-1D) that has no HLA-I binding ability.^[6][7] Recent evidence suggests KIR2DS4 detects HLA-C presented peptides in a peptide-specific manner, detecting peptides conserved in bacteria.^[8][9][10]

See also

• Cluster of differentiation