Ajisukitakahikone

Ajisukitakahikone (also Ajishikitakahikone or Ajisukitakahiko) is a kami in Japanese mythology. He is one of the sons of Ōkuninushi and the tutelary deity of Kamo.^[1]

Ajisukitakahikone-no-Kami
God of agriculture and thunder
Ajisukitakahikone destroys the hut where Ame-no-Wakahiko's corpse lay with his sword
Other names	Ajishikitakahikone-no-Kami (阿遅志貴高日子根神, 阿遅志貴高日子根神, 阿治志貴高日子根神) Ajisukitakahiko-no-Mikoto (阿遅須枳高日子命) Ajisukitakahikone-no-Mikoto (味耜高彦根命, 阿遅須伎高孫根乃命, 味鉏高彦根尊) Takakamo-Ajisukitakahikone-no-Mikoto (高鴨阿治須岐託彦根命) Kamo-no-Ōmikami (迦毛之大御神)
Japanese	味耜高彦根神
Major cult center	Takakamo Shrine [ja], Asuki Shrine
Texts	Kojiki, Nihon Shoki, Sendai Kuji Hongi, Izumo Fudoki, Harima Fudoki
Genealogy
Parents	Ōkuninushi and Takiribime [ja]
Siblings	Shitateruhime [ja] Kotoshironushi, Takeminakata and others (half-siblings)
Consort	Ame-no-Mikajihime
Children	Takitsuhiko, Yamuyabiko

Name

The god is referred to both as 'Ajisukitakahikone-no-Kami' (阿遅鉏高日子根神; Old Japanese: Adisuki₁takapi₁ko₁ne-no₂-Kami₂) and 'Ajishikitakahikone-no-Kami' (阿遅志貴高日子根神; Man'yōgana: 阿治志貴多迦比古泥能迦微; O.J.: Adisiki₂takapi₁ko₁ne^[2]) in the Kojiki,^[3] while the Nihon Shoki consistently calls him 'Ajisukitakahikone-no-Kami' (味耜高彥根神).^[4] Renditions of the name found in other texts include 'Ajisukitakahiko-no-Mikoto' (阿遅須枳高日子命; Izumo Fudoki), 'Ajisukitakahikone-no-Mikoto-no-Kami' (阿遅須伎高日古尼命神; Harima Fudoki) and 'Ajisukitakahikone-no-Mikoto' (阿遅須伎高孫根乃命; Izumo-no-Kuni-no-Miyatsuko no Kan'yogoto).^[5]

Aji (O.J. adi) may mean either "excellent" (cf. aji "taste, flavor") or "flock, mass, many", while shiki (O.J. siki₂) is variously interpreted either as a corruption of suki (O.J. suki₁, "spade" or "plough"), a derivation from the Baekje word suki "village", a word meaning "blade", or a place name in Yamato Province. (One factor that complicates a proper interpretation of the name is that ki₁ and ki₂ are thought to be different syllables in Old Japanese.)^[2][5]

Basil Hall Chamberlain, in his 1882 translation of the Kojiki, left the name untranslated (noting that "[t]he meaning of the first two members of this compound name is altogether obscure");^[6] likewise, William George Aston (1896) merely commented that there is "no satisfactory explanation of this name."^[7] Donald Philippi (1968) proposed two possible interpretations of the name: "Massed-Ploughs High-Princeling Deity" or "Excellent Shiki High-Princeling Deity" (with 'Shiki' being understood here to be a toponym).^[2] Gustav Heldt's translation of the Kojiki (2014) meanwhile renders the name as "Lofty Little Lad of Fine Plows".^[8]

Mythology

Parentage

The Kojiki describes Ajisukitakahikone as one of the two children of the god Ōkuninushi by Takiribime, one of the three Munakata goddesses, the other being Shitateruhime [ja] (also known as Takahime).^[6][9]

He is frequently portrayed as a baby who is unable to sleep.^[1] His mother carried him up and down a ladder in an attempt to make him sleep, this is what causes the sound of growing thunder.^[1] In infancy, his crying and screaming were so loud that he had to be placed in a boat and sailed around the islands of Japan until he was calm.

In adulthood, he was the father of Takitsuhiko, a rain god.

Ajisukitakahikone and Ame-no-Wakahiko

See also: Kuni-yuzuri

When the sun goddess Amaterasu and the primordial god Takamimusubi, the rulers of the heavenly realm of Takamagahara, decreed that the earth below (Ashihara-no-Nakatsukuni) should be ruled over by Amaterasu's progeny, they dispatched a series of messengers to its ruler, Ōkuninushi, to command him to cede supremacy over the land. One of these, Ame-no-Wakahiko, ended up marrying Shitateruhime [ja], one of Ōkuninushi's daughters, and even plotted to gain the land for himself. After eight years had passed, a pheasant sent by the heavenly gods arrived and remonstrated with Ame-no-Wakahiko, who killed it with his bow and arrow. The arrow flew up to Takamagahara, but was then promptly thrown back to earth; it struck Ame-no-Wakahiko in the chest while he was asleep, killing him instantly.

During Ame-no-Wakahiko's funeral, Shitateruhime [ja]'s brother Ajisukitakahikone, a close friend of Ame-no-Wakahiko, arrived to pay his condolences. As he closely resembled Ame-no-Wakahiko in appearance, the family of the deceased mistook him for Ame-no-Wakahiko come back to life. Offended at being mistaken for his friend (as corpses were regarded as unclean, to be compared with or mistaken for a dead person was seen as an insult), Ajisukitakahikone in anger drew his ten-span sword, hacked to pieces the funeral hut (喪屋 moya) where Ame-no-Wakahiko's corpse was laid and the funeral held, and then kicked it away. The ruined hut landed in the land of Mino and became a mountain called Moyama (喪山, lit. 'mourning mountain').^[a]

Ajishikitakahikone, still fuming, then flew off, the radiance that exuded from him being such that it illuminated the space of two hills and two valleys. Shitateruhime [ja], wishing to reveal to the mourners her brother's identity, then composed the following song in his honor:^[13][14]

Man'yōgana (Kojiki)		Japanese		Old Japanese		Modern Japanese (Rōmaji)		Translated by Donald Philippi[13]
阿米那流夜 淤登多那婆多能 宇那賀世流 多麻能美須麻流 美須麻流能 阿那陀麻波夜 美多邇 布多和多良須 阿治志貴 多迦比古泥 能迦微曾[15]		天なるや 弟棚機の うながせる 玉の御統 御統に あな玉はや み谷 二渡らす 阿遅志貴 高日子根の 神ぞ[16]		Ame2 naru ya Oto2-tanabata no2 unagaseru tama no2 misumaru misumaru ni anadama pa ya mi1tani puta watarasu Adisiki2 Takapi1ko1ne no2 Kami2 so2[17]		Ame naru ya Oto-tanabata no unagaseru tama no misumaru misumaru ni anadama ha ya mitani futa watarasu Ajishiki Takahikone no Kami zo		Ah, the large jewel[b] Strung on the cord of beads Worn around the neck Of the heavenly Young weaving maiden! Like this is he Who crosses Two valleys at once, The god Ajishiki- Takahikone!

Notes

1. Two locations in Gifu Prefecture (the southern part of which is the historical province of Mino) have been suggested as possible candidates for this mountain or hill: a tumulus known as Moyama Kofun (喪山古墳) in Tarui, Fuwa District,^[10] and Moyama Tenjin Shrine (喪山天神社, Moyama-Tenjinja) in Ōyada, Mino City.^[11][12]
2. Literally "hole-jewel" (anadama)^[13]