LRG1

Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the gene LRG1.^[5]

LRG1
Identifiers
Aliases	LRG1, HMFT1766, LRG, leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, leucine rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, LGR-1
External IDs	OMIM: 611289; MGI: 1924155; HomoloGene: 36468; GeneCards: LRG1; OMA:LRG1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19p13.3 Start 4,536,402 bp[1] End 4,540,036 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17 29.17 cM|17 D Start 56,426,678 bp[2] End 56,429,001 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right lobe of liver pancreatic ductal cell olfactory zone of nasal mucosa nasal epithelium blood body of pancreas palpebral conjunctiva bone marrow gallbladder appendix Top expressed in granulocyte left lobe of liver white adipose tissue lactiferous gland brown adipose tissue subcutaneous adipose tissue ankle joint tibiofemoral joint mesenteric lymph nodes ankle More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function transforming growth factor beta receptor binding protein binding molecular function Cellular component extracellular exosome membrane extracellular space specific granule lumen intracellular membrane-bounded organelle tertiary granule lumen ficolin-1-rich granule lumen extracellular region Biological process positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation positive regulation of angiogenesis brown fat cell differentiation neutrophil degranulation biological process response to bacterium Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 116844 76905 Ensembl ENSG00000171236 ENSMUSG00000037095 UniProt P02750 Q91XL1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_052972 NM_029796 RefSeq (protein) NP_443204 NP_084072 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 4.54 – 4.54 Mb Chr 17: 56.43 – 56.43 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

See also: TGF beta signaling pathway and R-SMAD

The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family of proteins, including LRG1, have been shown to be involved in protein-protein interaction, signal transduction, and cell adhesion and development. LRG1 is expressed during granulocyte differentiation.^[5][6]

LRG1 has been shown to be involved in promoting neovascularization (new blood vessel growth) through causing a switch in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling in endothelial cells. LRG1 binds to the accessory receptor endoglin and promotes signaling via the ALK1-Smad1/5/8 pathway.^[7]

Application

Levels of the LRG protein are markedly elevated in acute appendicitis and therefore could be used as a diagnostic aid.^[8]

LRG1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases where there is aberrant neovascularization.^[7]

Circulating LRG1 levels are increased in many cancer patients and may be a useful biomarker. Inhibition of LRG1 normalises the tumor vasculature, improves the efficacy of cytotoxic and immune therapies,^[9] and restricts metastatic spread. ^[10]

LRG1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including cancer, eye disease, neurodegenerative disease, diabetes, lung and kidney disease^[11]