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LXVI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The LXVI Legislature of the Congress of the Union (66th Congress) is the current session of the legislative branch of Mexico, composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. It convened on 1 September 2024, and will end on 31 August 2027,[1] covering the final month of Andrés Manuel López Obrador's term in office and the first three years of Claudia Sheinbaum's presidency.
Both chambers of Congress were elected in the 2024 general election. There were three competing forces: the Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition, consisting of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), the Labor Party (PT), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM); the Fuerza y Corazón por México coalition, comprising the National Action Party (PAN), the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD); and the Citizens' Movement (MC), the only party to run without allies.
Sigamos Haciendo Historia won a supermajority in the Chamber of Deputies, granting the ruling coalition 73% of the seats, the highest share since the LII Legislature in 1982, during Miguel de la Madrid's presidency.[2] Although the coalition fell three seats short of a supermajority in the Senate, defections by two senators elected for the PRD on 28 August closed the gap to one.[3] The supermajority was ultimately secured with the defection to Morena of Cynthia López, elected for the PRI in Mexico City, on 12 November.[4] This marked the first time since the LIII Legislature in 1985 that the ruling coalition held a supermajority in both chambers.[5]
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Major events
- 29 August 2024: Members-elect are sworn in. Gerardo Fernández Noroña is elected President of the Senate and Ifigenia Martínez y Hernández is elected President of the Chamber of Deputies for the first session of the legislature.[6]
- 1 September 2024: Legislature convenes.
- 10 September 2024: Protesters opposing the judicial reform bill storm the Senate building, temporarily halting the session discussing the reforms.[7] The Senate reconvenes in its former premises and passes the bill by an 86–41 vote at around 04:00 CST the following morning.[8]
- 25 September 2024: The Senate voted 86–42 on a constitutional amendment that transfers the control of the National Guard to the Secretariat of National Defense.[9]
- 1 October 2024: Claudia Sheinbaum becomes President of Mexico.
- 5 October 2024: President of the Chamber of Deputies Ifigenia Martínez y Hernández dies.
- 8 October 2024: Sergio Gutiérrez Luna is elected President of the Chamber of Deputies.[10]
- 9 October 2024: The Senate unanimously approves a constitutional amendment aimed at ensuring that the minimum wage increases above inflation.[11]
- 16 October 2024: The Senate unanimously approves a constitutional amendment that enables the State to reclaim the right to provide passenger train transportation.[12]
- 16 October 2024: The Senate voted 86–39 on an energy reform bill that reestablishes the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) and Pemex as public entities and mandates that the CFE retains a 54% share of electricity generation.[13]
- 30 October 2024: The Chamber of Deputies voted 343–129 on a constitutional amendment that enshrines constitutional supremacy, allowing legal challenges to constitutional amendments only on procedural grounds.[14]
- 12 November 2024: Morena and its allies secure a supermajority in the Senate with the defection of Cynthia López Castro.[4]
- 12 February 2025: The Senate submitted the final list of candidates for the 2025 Mexican judicial elections to the National Electoral Institute (INE).[15]
- 4 March 2025: The Chamber of Deputies voted 432–28 on a bill banning immediate reelection and prohibiting family members of current officeholders from seeking the same elected position. The reform is scheduled to take effect in 2030.[16]
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Major legislation
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Constitutional amendments
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Party summary
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These tables relate to the composition of the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies at the start of the LXVI Legislature and their current makeup, highlighting the changes in party affiliation that have occurred during the legislature.
Senate
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Chamber of Deputies
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Leadership
Presiding officers
President of the Senate
President of the Chamber of Deputies
Parliamentary coordinators
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Senate members
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Elected by state
In the list, the first two positions represent the senators from the winning two-name formula who secured a majority in the state. The third corresponds to the senator who earned a seat through first minority.
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Elected by proportional representation
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Chamber of Deputies members
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Elected by district
AguascalientesBaja California
Baja California SurCampecheChiapas
Chihuahua
Mexico City
Coahuila
Colima
DurangoGuanajuato
Guerrero
HidalgoJalisco
Mexico
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Michoacán
MorelosNayaritNuevo León
Oaxaca
Puebla
QuerétaroQuintana RooSan Luis Potosí
Sinaloa
SonoraTabascoTamaulipas
Tlaxcala
Veracruz
YucatánZacatecas
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Elected by proportional representation
First electoral region
Fourth electoral region
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Second electoral region
Fifth electoral region
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Third electoral region
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See also
Notes
- Saucedo Reyes was elected for the PRD as part of the Fuerza y Corazón por México coalition but switched allegiance to Morena on 28 August 2024.[3][33]
- Fabio Beltrones was elected as part of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), but on 12 August 2024, before the start of the legislature, the party announced his exclusion from the PRI parliamentary group due to disagreements with the party leadership.[34]
- In Tabasco: Rosalinda López Hernández, the senator-elect, died on 5 June 2024, before being sworn in.[35] Her alternate, Alejandra Arias Trevilla, took her place.[36]
- Herrera Dagdug was elected for the PRD as part of the Fuerza y Corazón por México coalition but switched allegiance to Morena on 28 August 2024.[3][33]
- On 10 September 2024, Yunes Márquez was granted a leave of absence on health grounds, and Miguel Ángel Yunes Linares was sworn in as his alternate.[37] Later the same day, however, Yunes Márquez returned to his seat.[38]
- On 23 November 2024, the National Action Party (PAN) parliamentary group expelled Yunes Márquez due to his vote in favor of the 2024 Mexican judicial reform.[39]
- Yunes Márquez joined Morena on 18 February 2025.[40]
- Was among the eight deputies who switched from Morena to the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico on 1 September 2024.[41]
- Following the loss of the Party of the Democratic Revolution's registration as a federal party, on 20 September 2024, Sandoval Hernández joined the Institutional Revolutionary Party.[42]
- Was among the three deputies who switched from the Labor Party to Morena on 19 September 2024.[43]
- Was among the five deputies who switched from Morena to the Labor Party on 19 September 2024.[43]
- Was among the six deputies who switched from the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico to Morena on 1 September 2024.[41]
- Aguas Atlahua was murdered in Zongolica, Veracruz, on 9 December 2024.[48] His alternate, Puertos Chimalhua, was sworn in on 11 December.[49]
- Héctor Melesio Cuén Ojeda had been assigned a seat through proportional representation but was murdered on 25 July 2024, before the start of the legislature.[50] His alternate, Juan Moreno de Haro, took his place.[51]
- On 11 December 2024, the Chamber's plenary granted Vitela Rodríguez's request to vacate her seat as of 15 January 2025.[49]
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References
External links
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