Legislature XII of Italy

Legislature XII of Italy

XII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana
Legislature XII of Italy ; XII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana
12th legislature
Type
Type	bicameral
Houses	Chamber of Deputies; Senate of the Republic
History
Founded	15 April 1994
Disbanded	8 May 1996 (2 years, 23 days)
Preceded by	XI Legislature
Succeeded by	XIII Legislature
Leadership
President of the Senate	Carlo Scognamiglio, FI ; since 17 April 1994
President of the Chamber of Deputies	Irene Pivetti, LN ; since 16 April 1994
Structure
Seats	630 (C); 315 (S)
Chamber of Deputies political groups	PDS (164); FI (110); AN (105); LN (71); CCD (42); FLD (28); PPI (27); PRC (24); Dem (21); Mixed (36);
Senate political groups	PDS (74); AN (47); LN (40); FI (36); PPI (22); CCD (15); PRC (14); SC (13); PSI (10); SD (10); LIF (10); FdV–Rete (7); Mixed (27);
Elections
Chamber of Deputies voting system	Mattarellum
Senate voting system	Mattarellum
Last general election	27 March 1994
Meeting place
	Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome (C)
	Palazzo Madama, Rome (S)
Website
	storia.camera.it/legislature/leg-repubblica-XII; www.senato.it/leg12/home
Constitution
	Constitution of Italy

The Legislature XII of Italy (Italian: XII Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) lasted from 15 April 1994 until 8 May 1996.^[1]^[2] Its composition was the one resulting from the snap general election of 27 March 1994. The election was called by President Scalfaro, after he dissolved the houses of Parliament on 16 January 1994.^[3] This decision was connected to some major events that permanently changed the shape of Italian internal politics during the beginning of the '90s, such as Tangentopoli and the Mafia trials.

Quick Facts Legislature XII of Italy XII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana, Type ...

This legislature marks the beginning of the so-called "Second Republic" (Italian: Seconda Repubblica), characterised by the progressive decline and dismantlement of the traditional parties, such as the Christian Democracy, the Italian Socialist Party, the Italian Communist Party, and the Italian Social Movement. It also marks the official entrance of Silvio Berlusconi in Italian politics.

This was the first legislature to apply the new majoritarian electoral system (also known as Mattarellum), which replaced the proportional system in effect since 1946.

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[3]

Prime Minister		Party	Term of office		Government	Composition
Prime Minister		Party	Took office	Left office	Government	Composition
	Silvio Berlusconi (b. 1936)	Forza Italia	10 May 1994	17 January 1995	Berlusconi I	FI • LN • AN • CCD • UdC (PdL–PBG)
	Lamberto Dini (b. 1931)	Independent	17 January 1995	17 May 1996	Dini	Independents (Technocratic cabinet)

Parliamentary group			Seats	Parliamentary group			Seats	Change
Initial composition^[4]				Final composition^[4]
	Progressives – Federative		143		Progressives – Federative		164	21
	Northern League		118		Northern League		71	47
	Forza Italia		112		Forza Italia		110	2
	National Alliance – MSI		109		National Alliance		105	4
	Communist Refoundation – Progressives		39		Communist Refoundation – Progressives		24	15
	Italian People's Party		33		Italian People's Party		27	6
	Christian Democratic Centre		27		Christian Democratic Centre		42	15
					Federalists and Liberal Democrats		28	28
					The Democrats		21	21
	Mixed		49		Mixed		36	13
		Linguistic Minorities	4			Linguistic Minorities	4
		Democratic Alliance	17					17
		Italian Socialist Party	14					14
		Segni Pact	9					9
						Unitarian Communists	14	14
		Non inscrits	5^[5]			Non inscrits	18	13

Total seats			630	Total seats			628	2

Parliamentary group			Seats	Parliamentary group			Seats	Change
Initial composition^[6]				Final composition^[6]
	Progressives – Federative		76		Progressives – Federative		74	2
	Lega Nord		60		Lega Nord		40	20
	National Alliance – Italian Social Movement		48		National Alliance		47	1
	Forza Italia		36		Forza Italia		36
	Italian People's Party		34		Italian People's Party		22	12
	Communist Refoundation – Progressives		18		Communist Refoundation – Progressives		14	4
	Progressives – Greens – The Network		13		Progressives – Greens – The Network		7	6
	Christian Democratic Centre		12		Christian Democratic Centre		15	3
	Progressive – PSI		10		Labour – Socialist – Progressive		10
					Crossed Shield		13	13
					Democratic Left		10	10
					Federalist Italian League		10	10
	Mixed		19		Mixed		27	8
		South Tyrolean People's Party	3			South Tyrolean People's Party	3
		Non inscrits	16^[7]			Non inscrits	24	8

Total seats			326	Total seats			325	1

Senator	Motivation	Appointed by	From	Till
Amintore Fanfani	Merits in the social field	President Giovanni Leone	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Giovanni Leone	Former president of Italy	ex officio	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Leo Valiani	Merits in the social field	President Sandro Pertini	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Carlo Bo	Merits in the literary field	President Sandro Pertini	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Norberto Bobbio	Merits in the social and scientific field	President Sandro Pertini	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Giovanni Spadolini	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	4 August 1994 (deceased)
Gianni Agnelli	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Giulio Andreotti	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Francesco De Martino	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Paolo Emilio Taviani	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Francesco Cossiga	Former president of Italy	ex officio	Previous legislature	Next legislature

Legislature XII of Italy

Government

Composition

Chamber of Deputies

Senate of the Republic

Senators for Life

References

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