Legislature XIII of Italy

The Legislature XIII of Italy (Italian: XIII Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) lasted from 9 May 1996 until 29 May 2001.^[1][2] Its composition was the one resulting from the general election of 21 April 1996. The election was called by President Scalfaro after the technocratic government of Lamberto Dini lost its support in the Parliament in 1995. President Scalfaro dissolved the houses of Parliament on 16 February 1996.^[3] The legislature ended after completing its five-year-long natural course, when President Ciampi dissolved the houses on 8 March 2001.^[4]

Legislature XIII of Italy XIII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana
13th legislature
Type
Type	bicameral
Houses	Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic
History
Founded	9 May 1996 (1996-05-09)
Disbanded	29 May 2001 (2001-05-29) (5 years, 20 days)
Preceded by	XII Legislature
Succeeded by	XIV Legislature
Leadership
President of the Senate	Nicola Mancino, PPI since 9 May 1996
President of the Chamber of Deputies	Luciano Violante, DS since 9 May 1996
Structure
Seats	C: 630 S: 324 (315 + 9)
Chamber of Deputies political groups	DS (161)   FI (117)   AN (88)   Pop. Dem. (56)   LN (46)   Com (20)   Dem (20)   UDEUR (20)   Mixed (94)
Senate political groups	DS (102)   FI (45)   AN (42)   PPI (25)   LN (18)   FdV (14)   UDEUR (12)   CCD (11)   DE (10)   Mixed (43)
Elections
Chamber of Deputies voting system	Mattarellum
Senate voting system	Mattarellum
Last general election	21 April 1996
Meeting place
Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome (C)
Palazzo Madama, Rome (S)
Website
leg13.camera.it www.senato.it/leg13/home
Constitution
Constitution of Italy

Government

Prime Minister			Party	Term of office		Government	Composition
				Took office	Left office
		Romano Prodi (b. 1939)	Independent	17 May 1996	21 October 1998	Prodi I	PDS • PPI • RI • FdV • UD (with PRC's external support) (The Olive Tree)
		Massimo D'Alema (b. 1949)	Democrats of the Left	21 October 1998	18 December 1999	D'Alema I	DS • PPI • RI • SDI • FdV • PdCI • UDR (The Olive Tree)
				18 December 1999	25 April 2000	D'Alema II	DS • PPI • Dem • RI • FdV • PdCI • UDEUR (The Olive Tree)
		Giuliano Amato (b. 1938)	Independent	25 April 2000	11 June 2001	Amato II	DS • PPI • Dem • FdV • PdCI • UDEUR • RI • SDI (The Olive Tree)

Composition

Chamber of Deputies

The number of elected deputies is 630. At the end of the legislature, eight seats remained vacant making the final total number of deputies 622. For these seats no by-election was planned, since they were left vacant less than a year before the natural end of the legislature.

• President: Luciano Violante (PDS), elected on 16 May 1996
• Vice Presidents: Lorenzo Acquarone (L'Ulivo), Pierluigi Petrini (Mixed), Alfredo Biondi (FI), Carlo Giovanardi (Mixed)

Parliamentary groups in the Chamber of Deputies

Initial composition[5]					Final composition[5]
Parliamentary group			Seats		Parliamentary group			Seats	Change
	Democrats of the Left – The Olive Tree		172			Democrats of the Left – The Olive Tree		161	11
	Forza Italia		123			Forza Italia		117	6
	National Alliance		92			National Alliance		88	4
	Popular Democrats – The Olive Tree		67			Popular Democrats – The Olive Tree		56	11
	Lega Nord Padania		59			Lega Nord Padania		46	13
	Communist Refoundation – Progressives		35			Communist Group		20	15
	CCD – Christian Democratic Centre		30						30
	Italian Renewal		26						26
						The Democrats – The Olive Tree		20	20
						Union of Democrats for Europe		20	20
	Mixed		26			Mixed		94	68
		Federation of the Greens	14				Federation of the Greens	12	2
		Linguistic Minorities	5				Linguistic Minorities	5
		The Network – The Olive Tree	3						3
							Communist Refoundation – Progressives	14	14
							Christian Democratic Centre	12	12
							Italian Democratic Socialists	8	8
							Italian Renewal	6	6
							United Christian Democrats	6	6
							Liberal Democrat Federalists and Republicans	4	4
							Segni Pact – Reformers	3	3
		Non inscrits	4				Non inscrits	24	20
Total seats			630		Total seats			622	8

Senate of the Republic

The number of elected senators is 315. At the beginning of the legislature there were 10 life senators (Giovanni Leone and Francesco Cossiga as former Presidents, and the nominated life senators Amintore Fanfani, Leo Valiani, Carlo Bo, Norberto Bobbio, Gianni Agnelli, Giulio Andreotti, Francesco De Martino and Paolo Emilio Taviani). After the deaths of Fanfani and Valiani, and the appointment of Scalfaro as life senator after the election of President Ciampi on 15 May 1999, the final number of life senators was of nine.

The total number of senators at the start of the legislature was of 325. At the end of it, two seats remained vacant because no by-elections could be held for vacancies appearing less than one year before the natural end of the legislature. Therefore, the total number of senators at the end of the legislature was of 322.

• President: Nicola Mancino (PPI), elected on 16 May 1996
• Vice Presidents: Carlo Rognoni (SD – L'Ulivo), Ersilia Salvato (PRC, then PDS), Domenico Constestabile (FI), Domenico Fisichella (AN)

Parliamentary groups in the Senate of the Republic

Initial composition[6]					Final composition[7]
Parliamentary group			Seats		Parliamentary group			Seats	Change
	Democratic Left – The Olive Tree		100			Democrats of the Left – The Olive Tree		102	2
	Forza Italia		48			Forza Italia		45	3
	National Alliance		43			National Alliance		42	1
	Italian People's Party		31			Italian People's Party		25	6
	Lega		27			Lega Nord Padania		18	9
	Christian Democratic Federation – CCD		15			Christian Democratic Centre		11	4
	Greens – The Olive Tree		14			Greens – The Olive Tree		14
	Christian Democratic Federation – CDU		10			Union of Democrats for Europe		12	2
	Communist Refoundation – Progressives		11						11
	Italian Renewal		11						11
						European Democracy		10	10
	Mixed		15			Mixed		43	28
		Linguistic Minorities	3				Linguistic Minorities	3
		Sardinian Action Party	1				Sardinian Action Party	1
		League of the Regions	1				League of the Regions	1
		Tricolour Flame	1				Tricolour Flame	1
		The Network – The Olive Tree	1						1
							Communist Group	6	6
							Italian Renewal	6	6
							The Democrats	5	5
							Communist Refoundation – Progressives	3	3
							Italian Democratic Socialists	3	3
							Reforming Centre	2	2
							Pannella List	1	1
							Democratic People's Union	1	1
							United Christian Democrats	1	1
							Italy of Values	1	1
		Non inscrits	8				Non inscrits	8
Total seats			325		Total seats			322	3

Note

• Of the 315 elected senators, 10 Senators for life were added at the beginning of the term distributed as follows:
• 4 from the group Partito Popolare Italiano: Giulio Andreotti (nel 2001 passato al gruppo Democrazia Europea), Carlo Bo, Amintore Fanfani (died in 1999), Paolo Emilio Taviani.
• 2 from the group Sinistra Democratica – L'Ulivo: Norberto Bobbio, Francesco De Martino.
• 4 with no affiliation: Gianni Agnelli, Francesco Cossiga, Giovanni Leone, Leo Valiani (died in 1999). Nel 1999 Oscar Luigi Scalfaro.

Senators for Life

Senator	Motivation	Appointed by	From	Till
Amintore Fanfani	Merits in the social field	President Giovanni Leone	Previous legislature	20 November 1999 (deceased)
Giovanni Leone	Former president of Italy	ex officio	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Leo Valiani	Merits in the social field	President Sandro Pertini	Previous legislature	18 September 1999 (deceased)
Carlo Bo	Merits in the literary field	President Sandro Pertini	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Norberto Bobbio	Merits in the social and scientific field	President Sandro Pertini	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Gianni Agnelli	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Giulio Andreotti	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Francesco De Martino	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Paolo Emilio Taviani	Merits in the social field	President Francesco Cossiga	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Francesco Cossiga	Former president of Italy	ex officio	Previous legislature	Next legislature
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro	Former president of Italy	ex officio	15 May 1999	Next legislature