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List of Australian Army generals
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The following is a list of Australians who have attained general officer rank in the Australian Army; that is, officers who have held the rank of field marshal (five-star rank), general (four-star rank), lieutenant general (three-star rank), major general (two-star rank) or brigadier general (one-star rank). The Commonwealth Military Forces were established on 1 March 1901, following the Federation of Australia, as Australia's ground forces. The service was reorganised and re-titled as the Australian Military Forces in 1916 and then to the Australian Army in 1980. Major Downes, commandant of the military forces in Victoria in 1901 and a retired British Army major general, saw his British Army rank reciprocated in the Commonwealth Military Forces; he thus became the first person to attain general officer rank in the Australian forces.

The number of general officers swelled during the First World War, as Australia committed five infantry and the core of two mounted divisions to the war effort. In 1917, on assuming command of the Desert Column, Sir Harry Chauvel became simultaneously the first Australian to command a corps and the first to be promoted to lieutenant general. Chauvel was made Chief of the General Staff, the professional head of the Australian Military Forces, post-war and—alongside Sir John Monash—was in 1929 the first officer to be promoted to full general. The Australian Military Forces again mushroomed during the Second World War, peaking at eleven infantry and three armoured divisions. In recognition of his service as Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Military Forces during the war, Sir Thomas Blamey was promoted to field marshal in 1950. He remains the only non-royal to attain the substantive rank of field marshal in the Australian Army. A further twelve officers have achieved the rank of general, 45 lieutenant general, and at least 263 major general, while a further 31 achieved brigadier general before the rank was abolished and replaced by the senior officer (non-general) rank of brigadier in the 1920s. Eleven officers have additionally retired with the honorary rank of lieutenant general, and 29 as honorary major generals.
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Field marshals

This along with the + (plus) indicates that the officer was granted the honorary rank of field marshal in the Australian Army.
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Generals
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- A dash (—) in the "Died" column indicates that the person is still living.
This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the general is still a serving member of the Australian Army.
The rank of general is the most senior active rank in the Australian Army. Only the five-star rank of field marshal is higher, but it is reserved for exceptional circumstances and only Sir Thomas Blamey (1950) has attained the rank in a non-ceremonial capacity. There are currently no appointments in the Australian Defence Force (ADF) at the five-star level. With the current structure of the ADF, the rank of general is held only when an officer of the Australian Army is appointed as Chief of the Defence Force.
Generals of the Australian Army are as follows:
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Lieutenant generals
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- A dash (—) in the "Died" column indicates that the person is still living.
This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the lieutenant general is still a serving member of the Australian Army.
This along with the + (plus sign) indicates that the officer retired with the honorary rank of lieutenant general.
Lieutenant general is the highest permanent rank in the Australian Army. The rank of lieutenant general is always held by the Chief of Army, though is also held when an Australian Army officer is appointed as Vice Chief of the Defence Force, Chief of Joint Operations, Chief of Joint Capabilities, Chief of Defence Intelligence, Chief of Personnel or an equivalent position.
Lieutenant generals of the Australian Army are as follows:
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Major generals

- A dash (—) in the "Died" column indicates that the person is still living.
This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the major general is still a serving member of the Australian Army.
This along with the + (plus sign) indicates that the officer retired with the honorary rank of major general.
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Brigadier generals

This along with the + (plus sign) indicates that the officer was granted the honorary rank of brigadier general on the Retired List, without having held the rank while in service.
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See also
Notes
- Birdwood, an officer of the British Indian Army, had been General Officer Commanding Australian Imperial Force (1915–19) during the First World War. He was granted the honorary rank of field marshal in the Australian Military Forces when promoted to field marshal in the British Army in 1925.
- Monash, who had served as General Officer Commanding Australian Corps (1918) and Director General of Repatriation (1918–19) during the First World War, had retired in 1920 and was promoted on the Unattached List.[9][15]
- Lavarack accepted a demotion to major general in 1940 to assume command of the 7th Division.[43]
- Rowell was promoted to temporary lieutenant general on assuming command of I Corps in April 1942, but was dismissed from the command in September and subsequently reverted to major general. He was restored to temporary lieutenant general in 1946 on appointment as Vice Chief of the General Staff; his rank was made substantive on 1 October 1948.[60][20]
- Sanderson was Chief of the General Staff until the position was re-titled as Chief of Army in February 1997.
- Major General Peter Day was the father of Major General Stephen Day.
- Major General Stephen Day is the son of Major General Peter Day.
- Downes was placed on the Retired List of the British Army in 1884 as an honorary major general. He subsequently served with the South Australian Military Forces, Victorian Military Forces and, following the Federation of Australia, the Australian Military Forces. He was placed on the Retired List of the Australian Military Forces with the rank of major general in 1902.[139]
- Major General Major Downes was the father of Major General Rupert Downes.[139]
- Major General Rupert Downes was the son of Major General Major Downes.[139]
- Durham was promoted to temporary major general on 2 May 1940. He was placed on the Regimental Supernumerary List with the temporary rank of major general on 21 September 1943 and, in 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[146]
- Hardie had been appointed to the local rank of major general on 1 July 1937 and, at this rank, served as Commandant, 2nd Military District (1935–39), Inspector General Department of Defence Co-ordination (1939–40) and Inspector of Administration, Army Headquarters (1940), before retiring with the honorary rank of major general on 20 March 1942.[196][197]
- Major General James Curnow Hughes was the younger brother of Major General Ronald Lawrence Hughes.
- Major General Ronald Lawrence Hughes was the elder brother of Major General James Curnow Hughes.
- Major General Robert Jackson was the father of Brigadier Donald Robert Jackson, Colonel Dawn Jackson and Brigadier Oliver David Jackson.
- Major General Stanley Legge was the son of Lieutenant General James Gordon Legge.
- Lloyd was promoted to temporary major general on 24 October 1940. He was placed on the Retired List with the honorary rank of major general on 1 February 1946 but, in Executive Minute No. 10 of 26 February 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[146][18]
- Major General Denzil MacArthur-Onslow was the nephew of Major General James Macarthur-Onslow and Brigadier General George MacArthur-Onslow.
- Major General James Macarthur-Onslow was the brother of Brigadier General George MacArthur-Onslow and uncle of Major General Denzil MacArthur-Onslow.
- Major General Ronald McNicoll was the son of Brigadier General Sir Walter McNicoll and the elder brother of Vice Admiral Sir Alan McNicoll.
- Major General Edward Milford was the grandfather of Major General Michael Milford.
- Major General Michael Milford is the grandson of Major General Edward Milford.
- Morris was promoted to temporary major general on 1 January 1942.[283] He was placed on the Retired List with the honorary rank of major general on 19 October 1946 but, in Executive Minute No. 10 of 26 February 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[18][284]
- Major General Alan Morrison was the father of Lieutenant General David Morrison.
- Major General Ian Murdoch was the son of Brigadier Thomas Murdoch and the elder brother of Air Marshal Sir Alister Murdoch.
- Plant was promoted to temporary major general on 6 January 1942. He was placed on the Retired List with the honorary rank of major general on 23 August 1946 but,[304] in Executive Minute No. 10 of 26 February 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[18][290]
- Rankin was appointed to the local rank of major general on 1 July 1937 and, at this rank, served as General Officer Commanding 2nd Cavalry Division (1936–42).[313] He was transferred to the Unattached List on 12 February 1942 and placed on the Retired List, with the substantive rank of major general, on 1 June 1946.[314][315]
- Richardson was appointed to the local rank of major general on 1 July 1937.[318] He was transferred to the Unattached List on 5 January 1942 and, in Executive Minute No. 10 of 26 February 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[18]
- Colin Simpson was promoted to temporary major general on 6 April 1942. He was placed on the Retired List with the honorary rank of major general on 8 November 1946 but,[334] in Executive Minute No. 10 of 26 February 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[18]
- Steele was promoted to temporary major general on 5 January 1942.[344] He was placed on the Reserve of Officers (General List) with the honorary rank of major general on 12 March 1946 but,[345] in Executive Minute No. 10 of 26 February 1947, was retrospectively promoted to the substantive rank of major general with seniority from 1 September 1942.[18]
- Major General John Stewart Whitelaw (1894–1964) was the father of Major General John Whitelaw (1921–2010).
- Major General John Whitelaw (1921–2010) was the son of Major General John Stewart Whitelaw (1894–1964).
- Williams had been appointed to the honorary rank of surgeon-general (equivalent to major general) in 1901 and, at that rank, served as Director-General of Australian Army Medical Services (1901–14) and Director-General of Medical Services for the Australian Imperial Force (1914–15), before he was placed on the Retired List with the substantive rank of surgeon-general on 1 January 1917.[377]
- Brigadier General George MacArthur-Onslow was the brother of Major General James Macarthur-Onslow and uncle of Major General Denzil MacArthur-Onslow.
- Brigadier General Sir Walter McNicoll was the father of Major General Ronald McNicoll and Vice Admiral Sir Alan McNicoll.
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