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List of U.S. state and territory mottos

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of U.S. state and territory mottos
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All of the United States' 50 states have a state motto, as do the District of Columbia and 3 of its territories. A motto is a phrase intended to formally describe the general motivation or intention of an organization. State mottos can sometimes be found on state seals or state flags. Some states have officially designated a state motto by an act of the state legislature, whereas other states have the motto only as an element of their seals. The motto of the United States itself is In God We Trust, proclaimed by Congress and signed into law by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on July 30, 1956.[1] The motto "E pluribus unum" (Latin for 'out of many, one') was approved for use on the Great Seal of the United States in 1782, but was never adopted as the national motto through legislative action.

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Eureka, the motto of California on its state seal
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Nil sine numine, the motto of Colorado on its state seal
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Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono, the motto of Hawaii on its state quarter
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Crossroads of America, the motto of Indiana on its state quarter
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Ad astra per aspera, the motto of Kansas on its state seal
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Live Free or Die, the motto of New Hampshire on its state quarter
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Labor omnia vincit, the motto of Oklahoma
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South Carolina has two state mottos
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Freedom and Unity, the motto of Vermont on its state quarter
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Salus populi suprema lex esto, the motto of Missouri on its state seal

South Carolina has two official mottos, both which are in Latin.[2] Kentucky, North Dakota, and Vermont also have two mottos, one in Latin and the other in English.[3][4] All other states and territories have only one motto, except for Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, which do not have any mottos.[5] English and Latin are the most-used languages for state mottos, each used by 25 states and territories. Seven states and territories use another language, of which each language is only used once. Eight states and two territories have their mottos on their state quarter; thirty-eight states and four territories have their mottos on their state seals.

The dates given are, where possible, the earliest date that the motto was used in an official sense. Some state mottos are not official but are on the official state seal; in these cases the adoption date of the seal is given. The earliest use of a current motto is that of Puerto Rico, Joannes est nomen ejus, granted to the island by the Spanish in 1511.[6]

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State, federal district and territory mottos

More information Jurisdiction, Motto ...
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See also

Notes

  1. The motto was originally designated as Regnant populi in 1864. It was changed to Regnat populus in 1907.[12]
  2. Eureka first appeared on the state seal in 1849. It was designated the official motto in 1963.[13]
  3. "In God We Trust" first appeared on the state seal in 1868. It was designated the official motto in 2006.[18]
  4. Georgia never officially adopted a state motto; the words wisdom, justice, and moderation come from its state seal.[19]
  5. The motto of Hawaiʻi was first used by King Kamehameha III in 1843, after his restoration. In May 1845 it first appeared on the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. It was made the official motto of the State of Hawaiʻi on May 1, 1959.[22]
  6. The unofficial motto of the Minnesota Territory was Quae sursum volo videre, I long to see what is beyond, chosen in 1849.[37]
  7. The unofficial motto of the Nevada Territory was Volens et potens, 'willing and able', which was on the territorial seal approved on November 29, 1861. This was changed to the current motto after statehood.[42]
  8. Crescit eundo was added to the territorial seal in 1882. Ths change was officially adopted by the legislature in 1887.[45]
  9. From 1866 to 1868, the motto Imperium in Imperio (Latin for 'Empire within an Empire') appeared on the state seal.[51]
  10. Labor omnia vincit was on the territorial seal of 1893.[53]
  11. It was specified as a feature of the seal in the 1907 State Constitution.[54]
  12. The motto of Oregon was "The Union" from 1957 until 1987, when the original 1854 motto of Alis volat propriis was restored. "The Union" is still present on the official state seal and flag.[56]
  13. The Spanish Crown gave Puerto Rico its coat of arms in 1511. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico officially adopted it on March 9, 1905.[6]
  14. The words agriculture and commerce appeared on the first state seal of 1802. "Agriculture and Commerce" was made the official state motto in 1987.[61]
  15. Industry first appeared on the state seal of 1896. It was designated the official motto on March 4, 1959.[63]
  16. The motto of Washington is the only one to be fully unofficial. It is neither on the seal nor designated by the state legislature, but was present on the territorial seal.[70]
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References

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