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List of ethnic enclaves in North American cities
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a list of ethnic enclaves in various countries of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds to the native population. An ethnic enclave in this context denotes an area primarily populated by a population with similar ethnic or racial background. This list also includes concentrations rather than enclaves, and historic examples which may no longer be an ethnic enclave.[9]
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Africa
Summarize
Perspective
African Americans
List of African-American neighborhoods - Thousands of African-American neighborhoods exist today. However, many of these communities are now less populated by African Americans than they were during the earlier, sometimes mid and late parts of the 20th century.
Angola
Benin
Cameroon
Cape Verde
- Brockton, Massachusetts[16][17]
- Fall River, Massachusetts[18]
- New Bedford, Massachusetts[17][18]
- Fox Point, Providence, Rhode Island (historically Cape Verdean, now gentrifying).[19][20][21][22]
- Pawtucket, Rhode Island (Cape Verdean – largest Cape Verde community outside their islands).[16]
Congo (Brazzaville and DRC)
Côte d'Ivoire
Ethiopia
- Washington, D.C. - See also Ethiopians in Washington, D.C.[29]
- Silver Spring, Maryland[31]
- Little Ethiopia, Denver, Colorado.[32]
- Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles, California (Ethiopian, Eritrean) - largest Ethiopian community outside Africa. Nearby Fairfax District, Los Angeles has many Ethiopians, including Ethiopian Jews, close to West Los Angeles' large Jewish population. It has other immigrants from Africa (i.e. Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda).[33][34][35]
- Little Ethiopia, Seattle, Washington.[36][37][38]
- Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota is home to many Somali, Oromo, Ethiopian and Eritrean immigrants.[39]
- Oakland, California has over 20,000 Ethiopian and Eritrean people; Temescal Avenue has a large population[40]
- W San Carlos Street, San Jose, California - Many Ethiopian restaurants and people
Eritrea
- The San Francisco Bay Area is home to over a dozen thousand Eritreans in estimation, as with other Habesha peoples like Ethiopian Americans; Apple Valley Lane/Piner Road areas in Santa Rosa and Temescal Avenue in Oakland have plentiful populations.
- Enclaves of Eritreans can be found in Seattle and Tacoma
- Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles, also has some Eritrean population
Nigeria
- Dallas-Fort Worth has the largest Nigerian American community.[41]
- Houston, Texas has the largest Nigerian American community.[citation needed]
- New York City – the largest Nigerian immigrant population in the United States.[42]
- San Antonio has one of the largest Nigerian American communities.[43]
Somalia
- Little Mogadishu, Minneapolis[44] – largest Somali community in North America.
- Columbus, Ohio[45][46]
- Atlanta, Georgia[47]
- Lewiston, Maine[48][49] -
- Kennedy Park, Portland, Maine
- South San Diego, also has a Somalian language school
- Parts of Seattle
- Portland, Oregon area
Other or pan-African
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Asia (East, South and Southeast)
- Orange County, California – largest Asian nationality is Vietnamese. Third largest Asian-American population in the US after Greater Los Angeles and Santa Clara Valley in California.[51]
- Carmel, Indiana – Large Asian community of about 10,000 as of 2019. Includes Chinese, Korean, Indian and some Japanese among others.[52]
- Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.[53]
- Champaign, Illinois and Urbana, Illinois - largest Asian community in Central Illinois numbering around 23,000, County with 2nd highest Asian population by percentage in Illinois (11.9%),[54] large Asian-American and Asian international student community at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign[55]
Afghanistan
- Chicago, Illinois has a "Little Kabul".[56]
- Sacramento County, California - By far the largest Afghan immigrant population in the US, with 15,400 at last count.[57]
- Ventura County, California – Afghans and Iranians relocated to the area (the most in Simi Valley and Thousand Oaks).[58]
- Little Kabul, Fremont, California - Largest concentration are in the "Little Kabul Neighborhood", but they are spread throughout Fremont as well.
- Tulsa, Oklahoma, Central Tulsa, Oklahoma -846 Afghans came in 2021. Then 1,000 more came in winter of 2023. Now Tulsa is close to 3,000 Afghans living throughout the city. https://oksenate.gov/press-releases/senate-committee-studies-oklahomas-afghan-refugee-program#:~:text=%E2%80%9CWhen%20tragedy%20struck%20the%20people,here%20in%20the%20Sooner%20State.
Bangladesh
- Bangladesh Street in Jackson Heights, Queens[59]
- Little Bangladesh in Los Angeles, California. There has been South Asian immigration in central Los Angeles.[60][61]
- Little Bangladesh in Kensington, Brooklyn[62]
- Little Bangladesh in Jamaica, Queens[63]
- Paterson, New Jersey[64]
Burma/Myanmar
- Fort Wayne, Indiana.[65][66][67][68]
- Indianapolis, Indiana (About 24,000, ~2.8% of total population),[69] especially Perry Township, Marion County[69]
- Greenwood, Indiana[69]
- Tulsa, Oklahoma – (Mostly Zomi)[70][71][72]
- Albany, New York – (Primarily Karen)[73]
- Buffalo, New York.[74][75]
- Rogers Park, Chicago (Rohingya)[76]
- Milwaukee (likely home to the largest Rohingya population in the US)[77][78]
Cambodia
- Cambodia Town, Long Beach, California, United States.[79]
- Lowell, Massachusetts.[80][81][82]
- Merced, California.[83]
- Porterville, California.[83]
- Stockton, California.[83]
China
- Brossard, Quebec (has the largest Chinese population in Quebec).[89]
- Chinatown, Calgary
- Chinatown, Edmonton
- Los Alamos, New Mexico
- Juan Tabo, Albuquerque, New Mexico
- San Diego - some areas like Ranchos Penasquitos have high Chinese/East Asian communities
- Naperville, Illinois
- Chinatown, Chicago and a satellite one exists
- Bellevue, Washington, Redmond, Washington, Kirkland, Washington, Renton, WA
- Chinatown, Seattle
- Salt Lake City (some areas)
- Aurora, Colorado and Centennial, Colorado
- Madison, Wisconsin
- Dulles, Virginia/Herndon, Virginia/Fairfax County
- Lake Oswego, Oregon; Happy Valley, Oregon
- Quincy, Massachusetts; Lexington, Massachusetts
- Cary, North Carolina - some areas
- Alpharetta, Georgia; Johns Creek, Georgia
- Sugar Land, Texas; Plano
- Maryland: North Potomac, parts of Silver Spring and Rockville; also Ellicott City
- Virginia: Floris, Herndon, Chantilly, Centreville
- Some areas near Richmond, Virginia
- Charlottesville, Virginia
- Overland Park, Kansas
- Carmel, Indiana, Fishers, Indiana, Bloomington, Indiana
- Asia District, Oklahoma City
- "Chinamerica" – Puente Hills, California area near Los Angeles.[90]
- Chinatown, San Francisco, California
- Richmond District, San Francisco, California
- Sunset District, San Francisco, California
- Millbrae, California
- South San Francisco
- Chinatown, Las Vegas and some areas of Clark County, Nevada
- Irvine, California (along with from Taiwan).[90]
- La Chinesca – Mexicali, Baja California.[91]
- La Mesa (Tijuana)
- Markham, Ontario
- Chinatown, Oakland in Oakland, CA
- Richmond, British Columbia
- San Gabriel Valley, California - Largest Chinese enclave outside of China.[92][failed verification – see discussion]
- Toronto, Ontario (Chinatown, Toronto, East Chinatown, Toronto, Scarborough)
- West Covina, California – notably large Chinese/Asian population.[93]
- Mississauga, Ontario; Richmond Hill, Ontario; other parts of Greater Toronto Area
- Windsor, Ontario
- Champaign, Illinois and Urbana, Illinois - large Chinese international student community at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign[94]
Hmong
- Detroit Metropolitan Area, Michigan (Significantly decreased since the 1990s)[95]
- The Fox Cities, Wisconsin.[96][97]
- Fresno, CA (4.9% of city population)[98]
- Frogtown, Saint Paul, Minnesota. also known as "Little Mekong", there are other Hmong in Minneapolis metro area.[99]
- Marion, Hickory, Morganton, North Carolina – About 5,000 Hmong live in the statistical area.[100][101][102]
- Gresham, Oregon (Iu Mien)
- Salem, Oregon (Iu Mien)[103]
- Fresno, Stockton, Sacramento, Oroville, California
India
- Edison, New Jersey – known as the first Little India in the USA.[104]
- India Square, Jersey City
- Hicksville, New York (Little India).[105]
- Little India, Artesia, California: Pioneer Boulevard, between 183rd St. and South St., Artesia[106]
- Richmond Hill, Queens, New York City
- Plainsboro Township, New Jersey
- Bellevue, Washington
- Redmond, Washington
- Kent, Washington
- Bothell, Washington
- Devon Avenue in Chicago, Illinois
- Naperville, Illinois
- Yuba City, California
- Sunnyvale, California
- San Ramon, California
- Fremont, California
- Irvine, California and South Orange County
- Dublin, California
- Pleasanton, California
- Chino Hills, California
- Cupertino, California
- Northern San Diego, California – Miramar, Rancho Peñasquitos, University City, Torrey Pines, and Scripps Ranch
- Eastvale, California
- Riverside, California – concentrated in University District, Orangecrest, Canyon Crest, Alessandro Heights, and Arlington
- Walnut Creek, California
- Much of Union City, California
- Modesto, California
- Turlock, California
- Northern Fresno, California
- Santa Clara, California
- Rancho Cucamonga, California
- Ventura County, California
- Folsom, California
- Mountain House, California
- Tracy, California
- Much of Berkeley, California
- Aurora, Colorado
- Centennial, Colorado
- Superior, Colorado
- Highlands Ranch, Colorado
- Sugar Land, Texas[107]
- Frisco, Texas
- Plano, Texas
- Katy, Texas
- McKinney, Texas
- Coppell, Texas
- Parts of Austin, Texas
- Troy, Michigan
- Farmington Hills, Michigan
- Overland Park, Kansas
- University City, Missouri
- Plymouth, Minnesota
- Eden Prairie, Minnesota
- Daybreak, South Jordan, Utah
- Doctor Philips, Florida
- New Tampa, Florida
- Wesley Chapel, Florida
- Brampton, Ontario
- Mississauga, Ontario
- Markham, Ontario
- Etobicoke, Toronto, Ontario
- Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario
- Vaughan, Ontario
- Oakville, Ontario
- Waterloo, Ontario
- Parts of Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Surrey, British Columbia
- North Delta, Delta, British Columbia
- Burnaby, British Columbia
- Queensborough, New Westminster, British Columbia
- Northeast Calgary, Alberta and certain areas in suburban northwest and southwest Calgary
Japan
- Alameda, California (historic; still has a significant Japanese-American community).[108]
- Leimert Park, Los Angeles (mainly Japanese from 1920s-50s).[109]
- Little Tokyo, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City[110][111][112]
- Markham, Ontario near Toronto, Ontario in Canada.[113]
- Cambridge, MA
- Honolulu, Hawaii
- Sakura Square, Denver
- Japantown, San Francisco
- Torrance, California
- Gardena, California
- Berkeley, California
- Cupertino, California
Korea
- Annandale, Virginia.[114][115][116]
- Barrio Coreano (Guatemala City), also known as Avenida Seúl.[117]
- Fort Lee, New Jersey (as well as Japanese).[118]
- Buena Park, California
- Fullerton, California
- Irvine, California (among other Asians).[119]
- Little Seoul, Newport News, Virginia.[120]
- Pequeño Seúl – Mexico City
- Riverside, California[121]
- Santa Clara County, California Contains several "Koreatown" districts in Santa Clara (Unmarked) and San Jose (See Koreatown, San Jose)[122]
- Aurora, Colorado
- Duluth, Georgia
Laos
- Chollas View, San Diego, California – Laotian immigrant enclave.[123]
- Weed, California
- Lowell, Massachusetts[124]
- Parts of Twin Cities, Minnesota[125][126]
- Stockton, California[127]
- International Boulevard, Oakland, California
Pakistan
- Little Pakistan in Flatbush, Brooklyn, New York City[128]
- Westwood, Los Angeles, California[129] – also has Persians from Iran (Persia Square).
- Thorncliffe Park, Toronto, Ontario
- Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City
- Fremont, California
- Sacramento metropolitan area in California - highest concentrations in Roseville, Arden-Arcade, Folsom, Elk Grove, and Rancho Cordova.
- Dublin, California
- Irvine, California
- Pleasanton, California
- Walnut Creek, California
- San Ramon, California
- Eastvale, California
- Riverside, California - highest concentrations in Orangecrest, Arlington, and University District.
- Corona, California
- Rancho Cucamonga, California
- Tracy, California
- Parts of Stockton, California
- Houston, Texas
- Stafford, Texas
- Katy, Texas
- Irving, Texas
- Frisco, Texas
- Plano, Texas
- Sugar Land, Texas
- Missouri City, Texas
- Cinco Ranch, Texas
- Arlington, Texas
- Parts of Austin, Texas
- Hamtramck, Michigan
- Troy, Michigan
- Devon Avenue in Chicago, Illinois
- Naperville, Illinois
- Bolingbrook, Illinois
- Montgomery County, Maryland
- Columbia, Maryland
- Ellicott City, Maryland
- Aurora, Colorado
- Northern Virginia - highest concentration is in Fairfax County.
- Saddle Ridge, Calgary, Alberta - other areas throughout the city have smaller but significant concentrations of Pakistanis.
- Broward County, Florida
- Mississauga, Ontario
- Milton, Ontario
- Northern San Diego, California
- Bellevue, Washington
- Kent, Washington
- Bothell, Washington
- Norcross, Georgia
Philippines
- Carson, California. It has a "Little Manila".[130][131][132][133]
- Cerritos, California.[134]
- Daly City, California.[135][136][137]
- Historic Filipinotown, Los Angeles, California
- Broadmoor, California
- Union City, California
- Stockton, California
- Brentwood, California
- Lathrop, California
- Rancho Cucamonga, California
- South San Francisco, California
- Outer Mission, San Francisco
- Delano, California – where "Larry Itliong Day" was dedicated[138][139][140]
- Kansas City, Missouri.[141][142][143]
- "Philly-pino-town" Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[144][145]
- Jacksonville, Florida
- Torrance, California.[146]
- West Covina, California, centered on "Manila Way" on Amar Rd. and Azusa Ave.[147][148]
- Sacramento metropolitan area in California
- West Valley City, Utah
- Beacon Hill and Rainier Valley in Seattle, Washington
- Winnipeg, Manitoba.[149][150][151][152]
- Scarborough, Toronto
- Lower Mainland, British Columbia
Sri Lanka
- Covina, California area with a Sri Lankan community center in West Covina, California.[153]
- Little Sri Lanka, Tompkinsville, Staten Island, New York City.[154][155][156]
- Toronto (Malvern) (Toronto is home to the largest Tamil-speaking population outside South Asia).[157][158][159]
- Cerritos, California and Artesia, California
- Union City, California
- Fremont, California
- San Diego (Miramar)
- Orange County, California (Irvine and Anaheim Hills)
Thailand
Vietnam
- White Center, Washington/Tacoma, Washington/South Seattle/Chinatown-International District, Seattle
- Argyle, Chicago, Illinois.[163][164]
- Little Saigon Business District on Federal in Denver, Colorado
- Little Saigon in Southeast Albuquerque, New Mexico[165]
- Arlington, Texas[166]
- Bay St. Louis, Mississippi.[167]
- Biloxi, Mississippi.[167]
- D'Iberville, Mississippi.[167]
- Orange County, California.[168]
- San Jose, California
- Little Saigons in Massachusetts[169]
- New Orleans, Louisiana (Village de L'Est)[170][171]
- Asia District, Oklahoma City
- Portland, Oregon – there is a large Vietnamese community in North Portland and Beaverton.
- Fairfax County, Virginia
- Atlanta, Georgia area
- Houston, Texas
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European or Anglo origin
Summarize
Perspective
Australia
Albania
- Albanian Town, Chicago.[174][175][176]
- Astoria, Queens, New York City, New York.[177]
- Detroit, Michigan. See also History of the Albanian Americans in Metro Detroit[178]
- Pelham Parkway (neighborhood), Bronx, New York City, New York.[179][180][181][182]
- South Boston, Boston, Massachusetts.[183][184]
- Worcester, Massachusetts.[185][186]
- Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Small sections of Scottsdale, Arizona
- Waterbury, Connecticut
Basque
Belarus
- Little Russia, San Francisco and areas adjacent to Ocean Beach, San Francisco
- Chicagoland
- New York City
Belgium
- Sarnia, Ontario, Canada – "Flemish or Dutch Corridor" to Chatham, Ontario.[195]
Bosnian
(People with origins from Bosnia and Herzegovina):
Croatia
Denmark
Eastern European Jewish
- Orange Park, Florida in the Jacksonville, Florida area[210] – in addition, has non-Jewish Slavic groups, Romanians, Hungarians and Albanians.
- Rockland County, New York.[211] Highest proportion of Jews of any county in the United States. Most are of the Satmar sect of Hasidism. In the town of Kiryas Joel, 95% of families spoke Yiddish at home.
- Williamsburg, Brooklyn.[212] Home to many Orthodox and Hasidic communities.
- Crown Heights, Brooklyn.[213] Home to the headquarters of the Chabad Movement. Crown Heights has a large historical population of Orthodox and Hasidic Jews.
- Richmond District, San Francisco and Little Russia
Finland
- Duluth, MN and the Twin Cities region
- Stanton Township, Michigan.[214]
- Portland, Oregon area
- Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.[215]
France
- Linden, Alabama[216]
- Reynoldston, New York in Franklin County, New York facing Quebec, Canada.[217]
- Most of Quebec as well as much of Acadia in Canada
- French Town, Los Angeles (historic, Basque)[218]
- There are French communities throughout California and Louisiana, especially the latter; some French-language radio stations exist in rural northern Louisiana, and while French language and French-American people no longer hold prominence in the French Quarter of New Orleans, it retains its French culture
- Madawaska, Maine and Lewiston, Maine, and Northern Maine
- Manchester, New Hampshire, and Northern New Hampshire
- Little Canada, Minnesota, Argyle, Minnesota, Northern Minnesota - French Canadian mainly
Germany
- Deutschtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[219]
- Hanover, Pennsylvania.[220]
- Pennsylvania Dutch Country (also Swiss in origin)
- St. Marys, Pennsylvania – Bavarian Catholic.[221]
- Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Germantown & Schnitzelburg In Louisville (Historic)
- Fredericksburg, Texas and the Texas Hill Country[222]
- Serbin, Texas (Sorbians)[223]
- Jasper, Indiana
- Old World Village, Huntington Beach, CA
- Hermann, Missouri
Georgia
Greece
- Astoria, Queens, New York.[224][225][226][227][228]
- Campbell, Ohio.[229][230]
- Cleveland, Ohio/Parma.[231][232]
- Greektown, Tarpon Springs, Florida.[233]
- Greektown, Toronto
- Greektown, Vancouver, British Columbia
- Greektown, Montreal, Quebec
- Greek Town, Omaha, Nebraska (historic).[234]
- La Merced historical Greektown in Mexico City along Calle Academia (Academia Street).[235]
- Naucalpan, State of Mexico a large Greek community has formed outside of Mexico City.[236]
- New Smyrna Beach, Florida.[237][238]
- "Old Greek Town", Salt Lake City, Utah - the state has a Greek community, throughout the Salt Lake metropolitan area, and Ogden, UT.[239][240][241][242]
- Palm Desert, California – where they have an annual Greek festival near the local Greek Orthodox church.[243]
- Sinaloa, Mexico - this Mexican state has coastal Greek communities. The cities of Culiacan, Humaya, Tamazula and Yoreme have the largest Greek concentrations in Sinaloa where the cultivation of tomato brought them fortunes and the valley is known as "Valle de Grecia" or the "Greek Valley".[236]
- Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania.[244]
- West Los Angeles – historically, the Toy District in Downtown LA had Greeks.[245] While less significant than it was in the early 20th century, the Byzantine-Latino Quarter section of Los Angeles has a Greek community that lives there, shops there, and holds an annual event there. There is also a Greek community in Long Beach and Orange County.
- While San Francisco or the Greater Bay Area does not have a Greek cultural district, there is a sizeable Greek community in the northern parts of San Francisco, in the western parts (i.e. Richmond and Sunset Districts) and in San Mateo County (esp. San Bruno and San Carlos), and Alameda County.
- North Carolina has a prevalent Greek community, especially in Asheville, Charlotte, and Durham
Iceland
- Gimli, Manitoba, Canada – thought to be the largest Icelandic community outside Iceland.[246][247]
- Spanish Fork, Utah – large concentration, most of them are Mormon in religion.[248][249] See Icelandic Heritage in Spanish Fork, Utah
- Washington Island, Wisconsin – an estimated 20% of Icelandic descent.[250][251]
Ireland
- Boston, Massachusetts (portions and many suburbs) – largest Irish city outside Ireland. Peak percentage nearing 50% in 1920 after 70 years of immigration.[252]
- Irish Hill, Louisville (historic)
- Richmond District, San Francisco
Italy
- Little Italy in Belmont, The Bronx[253]
- Little Italy in Erie, Pennsylvania has the largest Italian-American population in the city.[254] In Philadelphia, Italian immigrants initially settled in Bella Vista on the city's south side.[255]
- Little Italy, North Beach, San Francisco
- Some communities in Oakland and Pittsburg, California
- Little Italy, Los Angeles, California (historic; now Chinatown).[256]
- Little Italy, Manhattan, New York City – now engulfed by expanded Chinatown.[257] and much of Long Island and Rochester
- Little Italy, San Diego, California.[258]
- "Little Tuscany", Palm Springs, California.[259]
- McAlester, Oklahoma/Krebs, Oklahoma[260] in historic Choctaw Nation.
- Clinton, Indiana - also holds one of the largest Italian cultural festivals in the Midwest
- Valdese, North Carolina; Charlotte
- Palm Desert, California[259]
- Providence, Rhode Island
- Teterboro, New Jersey.[261]
- Tontitown, Arkansas[262] – resettlement of earlier Italian community in Lake Village, Arkansas.
- Via Italia, San Pedro, California.[263]
- Yorktown, New York[264]
- Italian Canadians in Greater Montreal: La Petite-Italie, Saint-Leonard (Città Italiana), Rivière-des-Prairies, Montreal-Nord, LaSalle, and the Saint-Raymond area of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce.
- Italian Canadians in the Greater Toronto Area: Little Italy, Corso Italia
Luxembourg
Malta
- The Junction, Toronto, Ontario. Little Malta is in the western part of this Toronto neighbourhood.[269][270]
- Astoria, Queens has a Little Malta.[271][272]
Poland
- Chicago, Illinois
- Buffalo, New York
- Sunset District, Twin Peaks, and nearby Little Russia in San Francisco
- New Britain, Connecticut - largest Polish community percentage-wise in the U.S.
- Metro Detroit has Polish communities, especially in St. Clair Shores
Portugal
- Fall River, Massachusetts – Has the highest concentration of Portuguese Americans in the United States at 43.9%.[273]
- Allentown, Pennsylvania – including Brazilians and other Latin Americans.[274]
- Artesia, California – sizable, in the "International District", known for ethnic diversity.[275][276]
- Little Portugal, Newark, New Jersey (Ironbound section).[277]
- Little Portugal, San Jose (North and South).
- Little Portugal, Toronto
Romania
- Southwest Detroit and other areas of Metro Detroit
- Fort Myers, Florida[278]
- Sunnyside, Queens, New York
- North York, Toronto and other areas of Toronto and the Greater Toronto Area
- Regina, Saskatchewan
- Oregon (Portland, Gresham, Oregon City)
- Lorain, Ohio
Russia
- Alaska
- Orange Park, Florida in the Jacksonville, Florida area[210] – from throughout the former USSR and Soviet Bloc (Eastern Europe).
- Brighton Beach, New York in the Brooklyn area – large Russian and other ex-Soviet communities.
- Woodburn, Oregon – large Russian Old believer community as well as Russian Molokans, Doukhobors and recent refugees from the former Soviet Union: Ukrainian and Russian Pentecostals and Baptists.
- Little Russia, Richmond District, San Francisco, California - Small part of San Francisco's Richmond district. Large Chinese population as well.
- West Hollywood, California
- Seattle, other parts of Western Washington especially Olympia and Bremerton
- Portland, Oregon
- Parts of Philadelphia
- Parts of Boston
- D.C. metro area/Virginia/Maryland
- Southern Maine
- Milwaukee area
- Detroit area
- Twin Cities, Minnesota
- Parts of Chicago
- Parts of New York City
- Vancouver, B.C.
- Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Toronto
Scandinavia
- Chicago, Illinois – At one point, Chicago has the largest Swedish population outside Sweden.
- Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (est. 10% Norwegian ancestry and other Scandinavians).[citation needed]
Serbia
- Boyle Heights, Los Angeles (historic, Serbian-Americans moved out in 1940s-50s).[279]
- Chicago, Illinois[280]
- Ridgewood, Queens, New York[281][282]
Slovenia
United Kingdom
Cornwall
- Butte, Montana.[291]
- Deadwood, South Dakota.[292]
- Grass Valley, California.[293]
- Iron Ranges of northern Michigan.
- Mineral Point, Wisconsin.[294]
- Pachuca, Mexico (large Cornish-British colony).[295][296]
- Tangier Island, Virginia.[297][298]
Wales
- Gallia County, Ohio – a.k.a. Little Wales.[299]
- Sharon, Pennsylvania.[300]
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Middle East
- Chicago – A section of city nicknamed "Little Iraq", Chicago has the largest Iraqi community in the USA. Little Arabia in the city's Northwest side, for example, has many Arab-Americans.[301]Devon Avenue (Chicago) also has Arabs, Iranians and South Asians such as Pashtun Americans.
- Cleveland, Ohio – west side.[302]
- Detroit (i.e. Southwest side) – over 300,000 Arab-Americans in its Metro area, another 300,000 throughout Michigan, the city and state is the largest Arab-American community in the USA. Dearborn is their cultural center in the region. Also in nearby Dearborn Heights.[303]
- Montreal – includes North African (esp. Moroccans) immigrants, Lebanese and Syrians.[304]
- Orange County, California – 250,000 out of 500,000 Arab-Americans in Greater Los Angeles. Brookhurst Street in Anaheim is called "Little Arabia" or "Little Gaza" named for the Gaza Strip, as well West Bank of Anaheim named for the West Bank in the Occupied Palestinian Territories .[305]
- Ottawa – Canada's capital city has one of the largest Arab/middle eastern populations in Canada. One in ten Arabs in Canada live in Ottawa.[306]
- San Diego, California metro area – eastern San Diego metro area - Little Baghdad in El Cajon and along El Cajon Boulevard in East San Diego and La Mesa, California).[307]
- Oakland, California - Estimated 10,000 Yemenis
Armenia
- Little Armenia in Los Angeles, California.
- Fresno, California
- Watertown, Massachusetts
- Glendale, California – largest population of the Armenian diaspora in the United States.[308]
- Fresno, California (Old Armenian Town off Ventura Blvd)
- Glendale, California (Armenian American cultural center) and nearby Atwater Village, Los Angeles.[309] See also Distribution of Armenians in Los Angeles county
Assyrians
- Sterling Heights, Michigan
- Orchard Lake Village, Michigan
- West Bloomfield Township, Michigan
- Chaldean Town (few remain in the area as of 2025)
- Turlock, California - Assyrians make up the majority of the Iranian diaspora in Turlock
- San Diego County, California
- Phoenix, Arizona
- Niles, Illinois[310]
- Skokie, Illinois
- Worcester, Massachusetts[311]
- Toronto, Canada[312]
- Windsor, Ontario
Kurds
- Binghamton, New York[313]
- Dallas, Texas and its area.[314]
- Houston, Texas.[315]
- Los Angeles, California.[316]
- Nashville, Tennessee (cultural center) – around 20,000 in the city.[317][318][319]
- Santa Barbara, California-Ventura County, California region in Southern California – may have the most Kurds in the USA.[316]
- Watertown, Massachusetts, suburb of Boston.[320]
Palestinian
- Little Palestine, South Paterson (Paterson, New Jersey)[321]
- Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, New York City
- Astoria, Queens, New York City
- Northern San Mateo County, especially in the Daly City area, where Arab and Palestinian-owned businesses are abundant off of John Daly Blvd.
- Foster City, California
- Bridgeview, Illinois and other parts of Chicagoland (such as Orland Park, Orland Hills, and Tinley Park)
- Alafaya, Florida
- Parts of Los Angeles County and Orange County, California (such as Little Arabia in Anaheim)
- Dearborn, Michigan
- Dearborn Heights, Michigan
- West San José in San José, California
- Corona, California
- Rancho Cucamonga, California
- Fremont, California
- Aurora, Colorado and other parts of Greater Denver
- Bedford, Texas
- Parts of Houston, Texas
- Diablo Valley in Contra Costa County, California
- Gallup, New Mexico
- Apple Mountain Lake, Virginia and other areas in Northern Virginia
- Columbus, Ohio
- North Olmsted, Ohio and other areas in Greater Cleveland
- Feltonville, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Mississauga, Ontario
- Windsor, Ontario
Iran
- "Tehrangeles" (Los Angeles – a portmanteau deriving from the combination of Tehran, the capital of Iran, and Los Angeles.[322]
- Irvine, California
- Houston, Texas
- Richmond Hill, Ontario
- Turlock, California - Mostly Assyrian Christian Iranians
- Beverly Hills, California
- Yonge Street in North York, Toronto, Ontario
- Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan area
- Seattle, Washington metropolitan area
- Greater Vancouver, British Columbia
- Great Neck, New York - Mostly Jewish Iranians
- Anaheim Hills in Anaheim, California
- Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex in Texas
- Walnut Creek, California
- Santa Clara Valley in California
- Berkeley, California
- San Ramon, California
- San Antonio, Texas - large community of Mandaean Iranians
- Greater Austin, Texas
- Suburban San Diego, California
- South Orange County (especially Aliso Viejo, Lake Forest, and Laguna Niguel)
- Northern Virginia
- Glendale, California - many Iranian Armenians
- Roseville, California
- Research Triangle, North Carolina
Yemen
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Latin America and Caribbean
Summarize
Perspective
- Anaheim, California – 46% Mexican, large Salvadoran population, and Puerto Rican community.[326]
- Excelsior District, San Francisco, California.[327]
- Miami-Dade County, Florida (Miami metro area has the largest Cuban population in the US with an estimate of 1 million Cuban-American residents with a large presence of Haitians, Jamaicans, Colombians, Brazilians, Nicaraguans, Puerto Ricans and Dominicans throughout the county)[328]
- New York City[329] Most Hispanics/Latinos of any US city, large Hispanic/Latino communities.
- Providence, Rhode Island - The state itself has a large and growing Latino community. Large Presence of Dominican, Guatemalan, and Puerto Rican Community[330]
- East Oakland, California
- North York, Toronto, Canada (Jane St. and Wilson Ave.)
Growing Mexican,(Central American) Salvadoran, (South American) Colombian and Ecuadorean population concentrated in the city's north west area.
- Anaheim, California and nearby West Anaheim, California in Orange County.[331]
- Boston, Massachusetts – also Dominican and Puerto Rican sections - esp the South end.[332]
Guatemala
- The Kimmeytown neighborhood in Georgetown, Delaware[333]
- Indigenous Mayan immigrants from Guatemala in north Georgia, especially in Cherokee County.[334]
- Canal District San Rafael, California
- Mission District, San Francisco
- Excelsior District, San Francisco
- Novato, California
El Salvador
Except Puerto Ricans (fourth as a nationality, second in ancestry among Hispanics and Latinos), Salvadorans are the second largest Hispanic/Latino ethnicity in the US, close to Dominicans who are third. Large Salvadoran communities developed in the late 20th–early 21st century period as a result of civil war, economic conditions, political turmoil and gang violence in the country, the country El Salvador is among the smallest in size in the Western Hemisphere. The largest Salvadoran population is in Central parts of Los Angeles[335] and throughout California along with Central American groups like Guatemalans, Hondurans and Nicaraguans.[336] Recent census data shows that for the first time, there are more Salvadorans living on Long Island than Puerto Ricans, with Salvadorans now numbering nearly 100,000,[337] representing nearly a quarter of all Hispanics in the region, making them the largest Latino group in Long Island (New York State).
- Washington, D.C. (esp. Mount Pleasant), and nearby Maryland and Northern Virginia suburbs. Formerly known as Arlandria, a neighborhood between Alexandria and Arlington in Virginia is now referred to as Chirilagua, due to the many Salvadorans living there from that particular town.[338]
Mexico
Note: Since immigrants from Mexico have been the largest group for a long time and have spread throughout the country perhaps more than any other nationality in recent times, Mexican-American enclaves are far more numerous than this list would suggest.
- Altus, Oklahoma[339]
- Boyle Heights, Los Angeles, California (gentrifying).[340]
- Downey, California – most affluent Mexican-American community.[341]
- Los Serranos, Chino Hills, California
- East Los Angeles, California – historic urban Mexican-American enclave (see Chicano).[342]
- San Bernardino, California
- Anaheim, California
- Calexico, California
- Santa Ana, California
- Central Corona, California
- Moreno Valley, California
- San Juan Capistrano, California
- Perris, California
- East Palo Alto, California
- Fontana, California
- Ontario, California
- Hemet, California
- Capital Hill, Oklahoma City
- Guymon, Oklahoma – in the Oklahoma Panhandle.[339]
- Cicero, Illinois and Little Village, Chicago; Chicagoland has one of largest Mexican populations
- Parts of Memphis and Nashville, Tennessee
- Raleigh, North Carolina - some areas
- Huntington Park, California[343]
- Indio, California – over half Mexican, esp. from Michoacán.[344]
- Logan Heights, San Diego, California (also known for Chicano Park).[345]
- Oakland,[346] Topeka, Kansas
- Jurupa Valley, California
- Redlands, California – Barrio Judeo or Negro (also had many Jews and African-Americans).[347]
- Riverside, California – highest concentrations in the Eastside, Arlington, Casa Blanca, Northside, Arlanza, and Ramona neighborhoods.[348]
- Whittier, California
- Monument Corridor and Ellis Lake in Concord, California
- Paramount, California
- High Desert (California)
- East and South Bakersfield, California
- Much of Santa Rosa, California
- East Oakland, Oakland, California, especially Fruitvale
- Wilmington, Los Angeles, California.[349]
- San Jose, California – Largest population in Eastside
- Mission District, San Francisco
- Much of Newark, California
- Decoto, Union City, California
- Cabrillo, 28 Palms, Sundale, and some parts of Irvington in Fremont, California
- North Fair Oaks, California
- Merced, California
- Northgate and Gardenland, Sacramento, California
- Fresno, California and nearby agricultural communities
- Modesto, California
- Parts of Stockton, California
- Pittsburg, California
- Salinas, California
- Watsonville, California
- El Paso, Texas
- Laredo, Texas
- Rio Grande Valley in Texas and the broader South Texas region
- South Dallas, Dallas, Texas
- Much of Irving, Texas
- Mid-Cities, Texas
- Houston, Texas and its eastern/southern suburbs
- Parts of Austin, Texas
- South Albuquerque, New Mexico and much of East Albuquerque and parts of North and West Albuquerque
- Las Cruces, New Mexico
- Parts of Florida such as Immokalee
- Tri-Cities, Washington
- Mexicantown, Detroit
- South Milwaukee, WI
- North Charleston, South Carolina
- Reno and North Las Vegas, Nevada
- Denver, Colorado and Aurora, Sherrelwood, and Lakewood
- Greeley, Colorado
- Cortez, Colorado and Pueblo, Colorado
- Corona, Queens, New York; Spanish Harlem, Manhattan; parts of Long Island, New York
- Reading, Pennsylvania
- Des Moines, Iowa; Perry, Iowa; some parts of rural Iowa as well, like West Liberty, Iowa and Storm Lake, Iowa
- Delavan, Wisconsin; parts of Racine, WI and Beloit, WI
- St. Paul, Minnesota - some areas
- Fort Wayne, Indiana/Gary, Indiana/parts of Indianapolis
- San Antonio/Uvalde, Texas areas
- Bonanza, Oregon; Nyssa, Oregon; Salem, Oregon and parts of the Portland metropolitan area
- West Valley City, Utah
- Boise, Idaho - some areas
- Little Rock, Arkansas - some areas
- Metairie, Louisiana
- Cumming, Georgia and parts of rural Georgia; some of Atlanta
West Indies and Caribbean
- Blue Hills, Connecticut (23.9% Jamaican, highest Jamaican population in the US).[350]
- Little Haiti, Miami
- Little Havana, Miami
- Divina Providencia, Tijuana, Baja California – known as Pequeña Haití
- The Triangle, North Carolina (Cuban, as well Puerto Rican and increasingly Mexican neighborhoods).[351]
- Louisville, Kentucky (Cuban – especially in Okolona (40219 with over 10%,) the 40213 zip code, and to a much lesser extent 40214)[352][353]
- Westchester, Florida (65.69% Cuban, highest Cuban population in the US)[354]
- Westside Simi Valley, California – some Puerto Rican, but more Mexican section of largely Anglo city.[355]
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Pacific Islands and Oceania
Including Native Hawaiians or Kanaka Maoli in the mainland US, esp the west coast states of CA, NV, OR and WA.
Samoa
Tonga
Marshall Islands
Fiji
- San Bruno, California[360]
- Hayward, California[360]
- Bennett Valley, Santa Rosa, CA
Micronesia
Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands (Chamorro and Carolinians)
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Others
Summarize
Perspective
Jews (of many nationalities)
- Jewtown, Port Richmond, Staten Island, NYC[362]
- Kiryas Joel, New York near Monroe, New York – homogeneously Hasidic Jewish private housing tract. Similar communities Kiryas Square, New York and New Square, New York.[363]
- Lakewood, New Jersey[364] – Large Orthodox Jewish community, and one of US' largest populations of Hasidim.
- Lombard Street (Baltimore) (Jewtown, Baltimore) – also was an Italian neighborhood.[365]
- Los Angeles (San Fernando Valley, etc.)
- Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York City (historic) – NYC is world's largest Jewish community outside Israel (10–20% of Jewish faith or descent, or 1.1 million – 1.5 million observant Jews).[366]
- Petaluma, California[367]
Native Americans
- Urban Indians, communities developed by small enclaves of Native Americans/First Nations and Alaskan Natives since the 1930s. They tend to form small percentages of the urban areas' population. Virtually every major city in the US has an American Indian community. See Rancherie/ Ranchería for urban Indian parts of Las Vegas, Nevada and Reno, Nevada. Urban Indian reserves in Canada have also been located within Canadian cities.
The highest concentration of urban Indians in the United States is believed to be in Anchorage, Alaska where over 10 percent of the population identify themselves in the census as having some Native ancestry, with 7.3 percent identifying that as their only ancestry. In the mainland USA, Indian Alley in downtown Los Angeles, California, may be the most dense Native American population of any major city.[368]
The second highest concentration of urban Indians in the U.S. is Albuquerque, New Mexico where at least 5 percent of the population belong to recognized Native American tribes such as the Navajo, Apache and Pueblo (Keresan, Tiwa, Tewa, Towa, Zuni). Southeast Albuquerque has the largest Native American community in the city but Native communities can also be found on the Westside and Rio Rancho. Albuquerque also has a Cherokee diaspora community known as the Cherokee Southwest Township. A much larger percentage of the population possess some Native ancestry but identity as Hispanos, Mestizos or Genizaros. This population lives all over the Albuquerque metro area but is concentrated in the South Valley and Bernalillo.
Winnipeg, Manitoba has the largest indigenous population of any major city in Canada both in terms of percentage (12.2 percent) and total number. Other Canadian cities with significant First Nations populations include Prince George, British Columbia and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
- San Francisco Bay Area – The US' largest, mainly in Oakland[369]
- Phoenix, Arizona near the Gila and Salt Rivers tribes and reservations.
- Oklahoma City
- Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Smaller off-reservation cities and towns with significant Native American populations include:
- Tahlequah, Oklahoma in the Cherokee Nation.[370]
- Anadarko, Oklahoma – see Indian City USA.[371]
- Lawton, Oklahoma
- Gallup, New Mexico
- Farmington, New Mexico
- Grants, New Mexico
- Flagstaff, Arizona
- Tucson, Arizona
- Holbrook, Arizona
- Winslow, Arizona
- Page, Arizona
- Billings, Montana
- Rapid City, South Dakota
- Madras, Oregon
- Pendleton, Oregon
- Spokane, Washington
- Fairbanks, Alaska
- Nome, Alaska
- Blanding, Utah
- Rolla, North Dakota
- Palm Springs, California[372]
- Pawhuska, Oklahoma [373]
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See also
- Multiculturalism.
- Block settlement, in Canada, a rural equivalent to an urban ethnic neighborhood.
- Demographics of California.
- Demographics of Los Angeles.
- Indian colony, an urban reservation in the United States.
- New York City ethnic enclaves.
- Urban Indian reserve in Canada.
References
External links
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