Location | Name | Capital(s) | State type | Existed |
Central Africa | Sao civilisation | Various | Tribal city states | 6th century BC – 16th century AD |
Northern Africa | Garamantes | Garama | Tribal Confederation/Empire | 500 BC – 700 AD |
Northern Africa; West Asia; Western Europe | Umayyad Caliphate | Dammascus, Harran | Empire | 661–750 AD |
Northern Africa, Southern Europe | Vandal Kingdom | Carthage | Kingdom | 435–534 AD |
Northeast Africa | Kingdom of Aksum | Aksum | c.100 – c.940 AD |
Alodia | Soba | Empire | 680–1504 AD |
Blemmyes | | Tribal Kingdom | 600 BC – 8th century AD |
Makuria | Dongola | Kingdom | 340–1312 AD |
Nobatia | Pachoras | 350–650 AD |
Northwest Africa | Gaetulia | | Tribal confederation | c. 350 BC – 550 AD |
Garmul | Altava | Kingdom | 530–578 AD |
Ouarsenis | Jedars | 430–735 AD |
West Africa | Ghana Empire | Koumbi Saleh | Empire | c. 400 – 1235 AD |
Central America | Maya | Various | Kingdom City States | 2000 BC – 900AD |
Zapotec | 700 BC – 1521 AD |
North America | Cholula | Cholula | City-state | 600 BC – 700 AD |
Pueblo | Various | Tribal chiefdom's | 12th century BC – 14th century AD |
Teotihuacan Empire | Teotihuacan | Empire | 100 BC – 8th century AD |
Teuchitlán |
| Various Chiefdoms | 350 BCE to 450/500 CE |
South America | Lima | Lima | Kingdom | 100–650 AD |
Moche | Moche-Trujillo | United Independent Polities | 100–800 AD |
Nazca | Various | Tribal chiefdom's | 100 BC – 800 AD |
Tiwanaku empire | Tiwanaku | Empire | 300–1000 AD |
Wari Empire | Huari | 500–1100 AD |
Balkans | Avar Khaganate | | Khaganate | 567–804 AD |
Balkans, West Asia; Northeast Africa | Byzantine Empire | Constantinople | Empire | 395–1453 AD |
Balkans | Gepids | Sirmium | Kingdom | 454–567 AD |
British Isles | Ailech | Grianán Ailigh | 450–1283 AD |
Airgíalla | Clogher | Tribal Federation/Kingdom | 331–1590 AD |
Bernicia | Bamburgh | Kingdom | 420–634 AD |
Brycheiniog | Talgarth | 450–1045 AD |
Cai | | Tribal kingdom | 25–871 AD |
Ce | | 1st century – 900 AD |
Ceredigion | | Kingdom | 475–680 AD |
Connacht | | Tribal chiefdom/kingdom | c. 10th century BC – 1474 AD |
Dál Riata | Dunadd | Kingdom | 501–878 AD |
Deira | York | 559–664 AD |
Dumnonia | Isca Dumnoniorum | Dukedom/principality | 290–875 AD |
Dyfed | | Kingdom | 410–910 AD |
Kingdom of East Anglia | Rendlesham, Dommoc | Kingdom | 6th C – 918 AD |
Elmet | Loidis | 4th–7th century AD |
Ergyng | | 5th–7th century AD |
Essex | | 527–825 AD |
Fortriu | | Tribal kingdom | 1–850 AD |
Glywysing | Cardiff | Kingdom | 490–1063 AD |
Gododdin | | 5th–8th century AD |
Gwent | Caerwent, Porth-is-Coed | 420–1081 AD |
Gwynedd | Various | 420–1261 AD |
Haestingas | Hastings | Tribal kingdom | 6th century – 771 AD |
Hwicce | Worcester | Kingdom | 577–780s AD |
Kent | Durovernum | 455–871 AD |
Leinster | | 436–1632 AD |
Lindsey | Lindum | Kingdom/Client | 410–775 AD |
Meath | Dublin | Kingdom | 1st century – 1173 AD |
Mercia | Tamworth | 527 – 918 AD |
Kingdom of Northumbria | Bamburgh | 653–954 AD |
Osraige | Kilkenny | 150–1185 AD |
Pictland | | 250 BC – 850 AD[1] |
Powys | Various | 488–1160 AD |
Rheged | | 550–650 AD |
Kingdom of East Anglia | Rendlesham, Dommoc | 512–927 AD |
Seisyllwg | | 680–920 AD |
Strathclyde | Dumbarton, Govan | 450–1093 AD |
Sussex | Selsey | 477–860 AD |
Tyrconnell | Dun na nGall | 464–1607 AD |
Wessex | Winchester | 519–1018 AD |
Wihtwara | Wihtgarsburgh | 512–927 AD |
Eastern Europe | Samo's Empire | Morava | Empire | 631–648 AD |
Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Central Europe, Balkans | Hunnic Empire | | Tribal Empire | 370s–469 AD |
Eastern Europe, Central Asia | Huns | | Nomadic confederation | 1st century – 370 AD |
Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Caucasus | Khazar Khaganate | Various | Nomadic Kingdom | 618–1048 AD |
Eastern Europe | Kutrigurs | | Nomadic confederation/client | 453 – 8th century AD |
Old Great Bulgaria | Phanagoria | Kingdom | 632–668 AD |
Venedae | | Tribal Confederation | 400 BC – 7th century AD |
Volga Bulgaria | Bolghar, Bilär | Kingdom | 660–1236 AD |
Southern Europe | Duchy of Benevento after 774, Principality of Benevento | Benevento | Dukedom/Principality/Client | 571–1074 AD |
Kingdom of the Lombards | Pavia | Kingdom | 568–774 AD |
Odoacer's Kingdom | Ravenna | 476–493 AD |
Ostrogothic Kingdom | 493–553 AD |
Southern Europe, Western Europe, Balkans, British Isles; Northern Africa; West Asia | Roman Empire | Rome, Constantinople | Empire | 27 BC – 1453 AD |
Southern Europe | San Marino | San Marino | Republic | 301 AD – present |
Duchy of Tridentum | Benevento | Dukedom/Principality | 574–1802 AD |
Western Europe | Alamannia | | Kingdom | 213 AD–496 AD |
Alemanni | | Tribal Confederation | 85 BC – 213 AD |
Armorica | | Kingdom/dukedom | 343–1532 AD |
Austrasia | Metz | Kingdom | 511–751 AD |
Bavaria | | Dukedom | 508–788 AD |
Kingdom of the Burgundians | Borbetomagus, Lugdunum | Kingdom | 410–534 AD |
Carantania | Karnburg | Principality | 658–828 AD |
Cornouaille | | 430–1084 AD |
Francia | Tournai, Paris | Kingdom/Empire | 481–843 AD |
Franks | Various | Tribal Confederation | 210–481 AD |
Frisian Kingdom | Dorestad, Utrecht | Kingdom | 600–734 AD |
Kingdom of Galicia | Santiago de Compostela | Kingdom | 409–1833 AD |
Poher | Vorgium | Principality | 520–936 AD |
Raetia Curiensis | Chur | Bishopric (religious state) | 452–1160 AD |
Rugiland | Vindobona | Kingdom | 467–487 AD |
Saxons (Continental) | | Tribal confederation | 5th century BC – 754 AD |
Kingdom of Soissons | Noviodunum | Kingdom | 457 – 486 AD |
Suebi | | Tribal Confederation | 60 BC – 409 AD |
Kingdom of the Suebi | Braga | Kingdom | 409–585 AD |
Visigothic Kingdom | Various | 418–720 AD |
Southern Europe, Western Europe, British Isles; Northern Africa | Western Roman Empire | Mediolanum, Ravenna | Empire | 395–476 AD |
Caucasus | Arminiya | Dvin | Principality/client | 653–884 AD |
Caspiane | | Tribal Kingdom/Client | 650 BC – 387 AD |
Caucasian Albania | Kabalak, Partav | Kingdom/Client | 65 BC – 628 AD |
Kingdom of Iberia | Various | Kingdom | 302 BC – 580 AD |
Principality of Iberia | Tbilisi | Principality | 580–891 AD |
Lazica | Phasis | Kingdom/client | 1st century BC – 7th century AD |
Sarir | Humraj | 453 – 12th century AD |
West Asia | Adiabene | Arbela | 15–379 AD |
Armenia | Van | Kingdom | 553 BC – 428 AD |
Corduene | | Principality/kingdom/client | 800 BC – 653 AD |
Ghassanid | Balka, Harith, Petra, Sideir | Kingdom/Client | 220–712 AD |
Kindah | Qaryat Dhāt Kāhil | Tribal kingdom | 2nd century BC – 525 AD |
Lakhmids | Al-Hirah | Kingdom | 300–602 AD |
West Asia; Northeast Africa | Rashidun Caliphate | Medina, Kuffa | Empire | 632–661 AD |
West Asia, Central Asia, Caucasus | Sasanian Empire | Estakhr, Ctesiphon | 224–637 AD |
West Asia | Zabdicene | | Principality/client | 780 BC – 5th century AD |
Central Asia | Afrighids | Kath | Kingdom/Client | 305–995 AD |
Alchon Huns | Kapisa | Kingdom | 370–670 AD |
Fergana | Khokand | 220 BC – 590 AD |
Hephthalite Empire | Various | Empire | 408–670 AD |
Kangju | | Tribal Federation | 280 BC – 585 AD |
Kidarites | Bactria, Peshawar, Taxila | Kingdom | 320–467 AD |
Khotan | Khotan | 56–1006 AD |
Kucha | Kucha | Buddhist Kingdom | 46–658 AD |
Nezak Huns | Ghazna, Kapisa | Kingdom | 484–665 AD |
Patola Shahis | Gilgit | Buddhist Kingdom | 6th–8th century AD |
Shanshan | | Kingdom | 92 BC –445 AD |
Shule Kingdom | Kashgar | 200 BC–790 AD |
Central Asia, East Asia | Rouran Khaganate | | Confederation | 330–555 AD |
Central Asia | Sumpa | | Tribal chiefdom/client | 1600 BC – 7th century AD |
East Asia, Central Asia | Tang dynasty | Chang'an, Luoyang | Empire | 618–907 AD |
Central Asia, East Asia | Tibetan Empire | Lhasa, Pho brang | 618–907 AD |
Central Asia | Turgesh Khaganate | Balasagun | Nomadic Empire | 699–766 AD |
Central Asia, East Asia | First Turkic Khaganate | Ordu Baliq | Confederation | 552–747 AD |
Central Asia | Turpan | Turpan | Buddhist Kingdom | 480–640 AD |
Tuyuhun | Fuqi | Nomadic Kingdom | 285–670 AD |
Xionites | | Tribal federation | 320 – late 5th century AD |
East Africa, Central Africa | Yueban | | Tribal confederation | 160–490 AD |
South Asia | Andhra Ikshvaku | Vijayapuri | Kingdom | 3rd–4th century |
Aulikara dynasty | Mandsaur | 4th century–550 AD |
Ay | Aykudi | 4th century BC – 12th century AD |
Kingdom of Bumthang | Chakhar Gutho | 7th–17th centuries AD |
Chalukya dynasty | Badami | 543–753 AD |
Chera Kingdom | | 5th century BC – 1102 AD |
Davaka kingdom | Lanka | ?–6th century AD |
Eastern Chalukyas | Vengi, Rajamundry | 624–1129 AD |
Eastern Ganga dynasty | Various | 493–1947 AD |
Gauda Kingdom | Karnasuvarna | 590–626 AD |
Gupta Empire | Pataliputra | Empire | 320–620 AD |
Gurjara-Pratihara | Kannauj | 650–1036 AD |
Harsha | Kanauj | 606–647 AD |
Kabul Shahi | Kabul, Waihind | Kingdom/Empire | 6th century – 1026 AD |
Kadamba dynasty | Banavasi | Kingdom | 345–540 AD |
Kamarupa | Various | 350–1140 AD |
Maitraka | Vallabhi | Empire | 475–767 AD |
Maukhari | Kannauj | 550s – 8th century AD |
Mushika | Ezhimalai | Kingdom | 3rd century BC – 4th century AD |
Nala dynasty | Pushkari | 6th century AD |
Pallava Empire | Kanchi | Empire | 250 BC – 800 AD |
Pundra | Pundravardhana | Kingdom | 1300 BC – 550 AD |
Rai dynasty | Aror | Empire | 489–690 AD |
Rajarata | Various | Kingdom | 377 BC – 1310 AD |
Ruhuna | Magama | Principality | 200 BC – 450 AD |
Sharabhapuriya dynasty | Sharabhapura | Kingdom | 5th–6th century AD |
Taank Kingdom | Shekilo | 550–700 AD |
Traikutaka dynasty | | 388–456 AD |
Vakataka Empire | Amaravati | Empire | 230 BC – 230 AD |
Varman dynasty | Kannauj | Kingdom | 725–770 AD |
Vishnukundina | Indrapalanagara | Empire | 420–624 AD |
Western Ganga dynasty | Kolar, Talakad | Kingdom | 350–1000 AD |
Western Satraps | Ozone, Barygaza | 35–405 AD |
Southeast Asia | Champa | Various | 192–1832 AD |
Chenla Kingdom | Bhavapura, Isanapura | 550–706 AD |
Chi Tu | | 100 BC – 7th century AD |
Funan | Various | 60–550 AD |
Gangga Negara | Gangga Negara | 2nd–11th centuries AD |
Langkasuka | Kedah, Pattani | 100–1516 AD |
Lavo Kingdom | Lavo, Ayodhaya | 450–1388 AD |
Melayu Kingdom | Jambi | 4th–13th centuries AD |
Pyu city-states | Sri Ksetra | Federated City States | 250 BC – 1085 AD |
Samaskuta Kingdom | | Kingdom | ?–416 AD |
Tarumanagara | Sundapura | 358–669 AD |
Thaton Kingdom | Thaton | 300 BC–1085 AD |
Southeast Asia, Vietnam | Vạn Xuân | Longbian | 544–602 AD |
East Asia, China | Cao Wei | Various | 220–265 AD |
Chen dynasty | Jiankang | 557–589 AD |
Cheng Han | Chengdu | 304–347 AD |
Chouchi | Lüeyang | Principality | 184–511 AD |
Duan | | Tribal Chiefdom/Dukedom | 250–338 AD |
Eastern Wei | Luoyang, Yecheng | Kingdom | 534–550 AD |
Eastern Wu | Wuchang, Jianye | 229–280 AD |
Former Zhao | Lishi | 304–329 AD |
Jin | Luoyang | Empire | 266–420 AD |
Khitans | Shangjing | Kingdom/Client | 388 – 1211 AD |
Liang dynasty | Jiankang, Jiangling | Kingdom | 502–557 AD |
Liu Song dynasty | Jiankang | Empire | 420–479 AD |
Mu'ege | Mugebaizhage | Chiefdom | 300–1698 AD |
Northern Liang | Jiankang | Kingdom/Client | 397–460 AD |
Northern Qi | Yecheng | Kingdom | 550–577 AD |
Northern Wei | Shengle | Empire | 386–585 AD |
Northern Zhou | Chang'an | Kingdom | 557–581 AD |
Shu Han | Chengdu | 221–263 AD |
Southern Qi | Jiankang | 477–502 AD |
Sui dynasty | Dazing, later Luoyang | 581–618 AD |
Western Liang | Jingzhou | 555–587 AD |
Western Qin | Yongshicheng | 385–431 AD |
Western Wei | Chang'an | 535–557 AD |
East Asia, Japan | Japan | Various | Empire | 660 BC – present |
East Asia, Korean Peninsula | Baekje | Kingdom | 18 BC – 660 AD |
Balhae | Dongmo | Empire | 698–926 AD |
Buyeo | Buyeoseong | Kingdom | 189 BC – 494 AD |
Dongye | | Chiefdom | 3rd century BC – 5th century AD |
Gaya confederacy | Gaya | Confederacy | 42–562 AD |
Goguryeo | Various | Kingdom | 37 BC – 668 AD |
Mahan confederacy | Cheonan | Confederacy | 98 BC – 250 AD |
Okjeo | | Tribal state | 2nd century BC – 5th century AD |
Samhan | | Confederacy | 1st century BC – 4th century AD |
Siljik | | Kingdom | 102 – 6th century AD |
Silla | Gyeongju | 55 BC – 935 AD |
Usan | | 512–930 AD |