Name | N | AWS | Characteristics | Applications |
Coextrusion Welding |
| CEW |
Dissimilar metals are extruded through the same die |
Joining of corrosion resistant alloys to cheaper alloys or alloys with more favorable mechanical properties |
Cold pressure welding |
48 | CW |
Joining of soft alloys such as copper and aluminium below their melting point |
Electrical contacts |
Diffusion welding |
45 | DFW |
No weld line visible |
Titanium pump impellor wheels |
Explosion welding |
441 | EXW |
Joining of dissimilar materials, e.g. corrosion resistant alloys to structural steels |
Transition joints for chemical industry and shipbuilding. Bimetal pipelines |
Electromagnetic pulse welding |
| |
Tubes or sheets are accelerated by electromagnetic forces. Oxides are expelled during impact |
Automotive industry, pressure vessels, dissimilar material joints |
Forge welding |
(43) | FOW |
The oldest welding process in the world. Oxides must be removed by flux or flames. |
Damascus steel |
Friction welding |
42 | FRW |
Thin heat affected zone, oxides disrupted by friction, needs sufficient pressure |
Aerospace industry, railway, land transport |
Friction stir welding |
43 | FSW |
A rotating non-consumable tool is traversed along the joint line |
Shipbuilding, aerospace, railway rolling stock, automotive industry |
Friction stir spot welding |
| FSSW |
A rotating non-consumable tool is plunged into overlapping sheets |
Automotive industry |
Hot pressure welding |
| HPW |
Metals are pressed together at elevated temperatures below the melting point in vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere |
Aerospace components |
Hot isostatic pressure welding |
47 | HPW |
A hot inert gas applies the pressure inside a pressure vessel, i.e. an autoclave |
Aerospace components |
Roll welding |
| ROW |
Bimetallic materials are joined by forcing them between two rotating wheels |
Dissimilar materials |
Ultrasonic welding |
41 | USW |
High-frequency vibratory energy is applied to foils, thin metal sheets or plastics. |
Solar industries-. Electronics. Rear lights of cars. Diapers. |