MBOAT5

Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LPCAT3 gene.^[5][6][7][8] It is homologous to other membrane-bound O-acyltransferases.

LPCAT3
Identifiers
Aliases	LPCAT3, C3F, LPCAT, LPLAT 5, LPSAT, MBOAT5, OACT5, nessy, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3
External IDs	OMIM: 611950; MGI: 1315211; HomoloGene: 14678; GeneCards: LPCAT3; OMA:LPCAT3 - orthologs
EC number	2.3.1.23
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12p13.31 Start 6,976,185 bp[1] End 7,018,477 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6 F2|6 59.17 cM Start 124,639,990 bp[2] End 124,681,381 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right lobe of liver right adrenal gland mucosa of transverse colon body of stomach rectum right adrenal cortex left adrenal gland body of pancreas left adrenal cortex islet of Langerhans Top expressed in yolk sac lip jejunum right kidney duodenum skin of external ear ileum seminal vesicula epithelium of small intestine transitional epithelium of urinary bladder More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase activity acyltransferase activity 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum Biological process phosphatidylserine acyl-chain remodeling phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle levels lipid metabolism phospholipid biosynthetic process phospholipid metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 10162 14792 Ensembl ENSG00000111684 ENSMUSG00000004270 UniProt Q6P1A2 Q91V01 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005768 NM_145130 RefSeq (protein) NP_005759 NP_660112 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 6.98 – 7.02 Mb Chr 6: 124.64 – 124.68 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Structure and function

Based on the crystalographic and cryo-EM studies of its homolog in chicken (cLPCAT3),^[9] humane MBOAT5 has a typical MBOAT folding as other members such as SOAT1 and DGAT1,^[10][11] and the transmembrane helices hold a "T"-shape reaction chamber allowing the co-occupancy of a lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and a long polyunsaturated acyl-CoA, such as arachidonic acyl CoA. With the assistance of catalytic residues H374 and N338, the acyl chain could be transferred from the acyl CoA to the sn-2 position of lysoPC, thereby generating a new, polyunsaturated phospholipid.

Inhibition of LPCAT3 has been found to alter the cellular lipidome and is partially protective against ferroptosis.^[12]