MX2

Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MX2 gene.^[3][4][5]

MX2
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4WHJ, 4X0R
Identifiers
Aliases	MX2, MXB, MX dynamin like GTPase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 147890; HomoloGene: 74299; GeneCards: MX2; OMA:MX2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 21 (human)[1] Band 21q22.3 Start 41,361,999 bp[1] End 41,409,393 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in blood monocyte granulocyte pancreatic ductal cell spleen gallbladder bone marrow cell appendix decidua periodontal fiber n/a More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding GTP binding protein binding microtubule binding GTPase activity Cellular component cytosol cytoplasm nuclear pore nucleus mitochondrial membranes membrane Biological process defense response regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport mRNA transport immune system process response to virus regulation of cell cycle defense response to virus type I interferon signaling pathway response to interferon-alpha protein transport innate immune response mitochondrial fission dynamin family protein polymerization involved in mitochondrial fission membrane fusion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 4600 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000183486 n/a UniProt P20592 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002463 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_002454 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 21: 41.36 – 41.41 Mb n/a PubMed search [2] n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

For other uses, see MX2 (disambiguation).

The protein encoded by this gene has a nuclear and a cytoplasmic form and is a member of both the dynamin family and the family of large GTPases. The nuclear form is localized in a granular pattern in the heterochromatin region beneath the nuclear envelope. A nuclear localization signal (NLS) is present at the amino terminal end of the nuclear form but is lacking in the cytoplasmic form due to use of an alternate translation start codon.

Antiviral activity

This protein is upregulated by interferon-alpha but does not contain the antiviral activity of a similar myxovirus resistance protein 1.^[5]

MX2/MXB has antiviral activity against HIV-1.^{[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]} MXB is also a restriction factor for herpesviruses, which acts at a very early stage of the replication cycle and MX2/MXB restriction of herpesvirus requires GTPase activity.^{[13][14][15][16]}