Mathilde Cannat

Mathilde Cannat is a French geologist known for her research on the formation of oceanic crust and the tectonic and magmatic changes of mid-ocean ridges.

Mathilde Cannat
Born	1962
Alma mater	Université de Nantes
Awards	Murchison Medal (2023)
Scientific career
Institutions	Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
Thesis	Cinématique de charriages ophiolitiques (Klamath, Semail, Groix) et convergence océanique (1983)

Education and career

Cannat earned her Ph.D. in 1983 from University of Nantes where she worked on ophiolites and tectonic processes.^[1] Following her Ph.D., she was a postdoc at Durham University and then she joined the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in 1986.^[2] In 1992 she obtained a position at the Pierre and Marie Curie University (University of Paris 6) where she remained until she moved to a position at the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris in 2001.^[3]

In 2014, Cannat was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union who cited her "for fundamental contributions to understanding the accretion of the oceanic lithosphere and crust".^[4]

Research

Cannat's research centers on magmatism, changes in the oceanic crust, particularly at mid-ocean ridges. Her early research was on ophiolites in California and western Alps, and she used her research on ophiolotes to understand processes on the seafloor.^[5][6][7] In the mid-1990s, Cannat described the formation of the seafloor at slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges, a model posing that new seafloor is formed from rocks that have been tectonically uplifted from the mantle.^[8][9][10] This idea differed from the processes described for fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges^[11] and, in a 2018 interview, she described this as her greatest achievement.^[3] Cannat's research can rely on in situ observations, and she has made seventeen deep-sea dives aboard the Nautile.^[2]

Selected publications

• Cannat, Mathilde (1996). "How thick is the magmatic crust at slow spreading oceanic ridges?". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 101 (B2): 2847–2857. Bibcode:1996JGR...101.2847C. doi:10.1029/95JB03116. ISSN 2156-2202.
• Cannat, Mathilde; Sauter, Daniel; Mendel, Véronique; Ruellan, Etienne; Okino, Kyoko; Escartin, Javier; Combier, Violaine; Baala, Mohamad (2006-07-01). "Modes of seafloor generation at a melt-poor ultraslow-spreading ridge". Geology. 34 (7): 605–608. Bibcode:2006Geo....34..605C. doi:10.1130/G22486.1. ISSN 0091-7613.
• Cannat, Mathilde; Mevel, Catherine; Maia, Marcia; Deplus, Christine; Durand, Cecile; Gente, Pascal; Agrinier, Pierre; Belarouchi, Abdel; Dubuisson, Gilles; Humler, Eric; Reynolds, Jennifer (1995-01-01). "Thin crust, ultramafic exposures, and rugged faulting patterns at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (22°–24°N)". Geology. 23 (1): 49–52. Bibcode:1995Geo....23...49C. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0049:TCUEAR>2.3.CO;2. ISSN 0091-7613.
• Cannat, Mathilde (1993). "Emplacement of mantle rocks in the seafloor at mid-ocean ridges". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 98 (B3): 4163–4172. Bibcode:1993JGR....98.4163C. doi:10.1029/92JB02221. ISSN 2156-2202.

Awards and honors

• Silver Medal, French National Centre for Scientific Research (Médaille d'Argent du CNRS) (2009)^[12][2][13]
• Fellow, American Geophysical Union (2014)^[4]
• Stephan Mueller Medal, European Geosciences Union (2020)^[11]
• Murchison Medal, Geological Society of London (2023)^[14]