New Zealand quail

The New Zealand quail (Coturnix novaezelandiae), or koreke in Māori, is an extinct quail species endemic to New Zealand. The male and female were similar, except the female was lighter. The first scientist to describe it was Sir Joseph Banks when he visited New Zealand on James Cook's first voyage. Terrestrial and temperate, this species inhabited lowland tussock grassland and open fernlands.^[3] The first specimen to be obtained by a European was collected in 1827 by Jean René Constant Quoy and Joseph Paul Gaimard on Dumont D'Urville's voyage. It most likely went extinct due to diseases from introduced game birds.

New Zealand quail
Specimen in Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira
Conservation status
Extinct (1875)  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Extinct (1875) (NZ TCS)[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Galliformes
Family:	Phasianidae
Genus:	Coturnix
Species:	†C. novaezelandiae
Binomial name
†Coturnix novaezelandiae Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
Synonyms
Coturnix novaezelandiae novaezelandiae Quoy & Gaimard, 1830

Taxonomy

Research was conducted between 2007 and 2009 into whether the quails on Tiritiri Matangi Island – which was spared the worst impact of introduced predators – might be a surviving population of this species, or koreke-brown quail (Synoicus ypsilophora) hybrids.^[4] However, a genetic study showed instead that the quail on Tiritiri Matangi are brown quail.^[5] Sequences were derived for all quail species within the Australian and New Zealand Coturnix sp. complex.^[6]

It has sometimes been considered conspecific with the Australian stubble quail (Coturnix pectoralis), which would then be named Coturnix novaezelandiae pectoralis as the New Zealand bird was described first. However, the genetic analysis showed that they are separate though closely related species.^[7]

Gallery

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  Illustration
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  Illustration of the Chatham rail and the New Zealand quail from 1907