PREX1

Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PREX1 gene.^[5][6][7][8]

PREX1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3QIK, 4YON, 5D3W, 5D3V, 5FI0, 5D27, 5D3Y, 5FI1, 5D3X
Identifiers
Aliases	PREX1, P-REX1, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1
External IDs	OMIM: 606905; MGI: 3040696; HomoloGene: 10821; GeneCards: PREX1; OMA:PREX1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 20 (human)[1] Band 20q13.13 Start 48,624,252 bp[1] End 48,827,999 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 H3 Start 166,408,262 bp[2] End 166,555,752 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in inferior ganglion of vagus nerve blood corpus callosum C1 segment granulocyte ganglionic eminence right lung subthalamic nucleus external globus pallidus substantia nigra Top expressed in granulocyte decidua lymph node gastrula mesenteric lymph nodes thymus membranous bone trigeminal ganglion tail of embryo superior frontal gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function GTPase activator activity protein binding enzyme binding phospholipid binding guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Cellular component membrane growth cone plasma membrane dendritic shaft perinuclear region of cytoplasm cytoplasm cytosol Biological process intracellular signal transduction neutrophil activation regulation of dendrite development neutrophil chemotaxis reactive oxygen species metabolic process regulation of actin filament polymerization actin filament polymerization positive regulation of GTPase activity positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading T cell differentiation regulation of Rho protein signal transduction superoxide metabolic process positive regulation of cell adhesion negative regulation of protein kinase activity positive regulation of cell migration negative regulation of TOR signaling positive regulation of apoptotic process regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 57580 277360 Ensembl ENSG00000124126 ENSMUSG00000039621 UniProt Q8TCU6 Q69ZK0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_020820 NM_177782 RefSeq (protein) NP_065871 NP_808450 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 48.62 – 48.83 Mb Chr 2: 166.41 – 166.56 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

The protein encoded by this gene acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the RHO family of small GTP-binding proteins (RACs). It has been shown to bind to and activate RAC1 by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. The encoded protein, which is found mainly in the cytoplasm, is activated by phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate and the beta-gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins.^[8] The activation of P-REX1 is efficient when chemotactic receptors coupled to Gi proteins are activated, as a consequence of a better release of the Gβɣ heterodimer.^[9]

Clinical significance

The protein has been implicated in the spread of melanoma skin cancer.^[10]