PTPRB

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase beta or VE-PTP is an enzyme specifically expressed in endothelial cells that in humans is encoded by the PTPRB gene.^[5][6]

PTPRB
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2AHS, 2H02, 2H03, 2H04, 2HC1, 2HC2, 2I3R, 2I3U, 2I4E, 2I4G, 2I4H, 2I5X
Identifiers
Aliases	PTPRB, HPTP-BETA, HPTPB, PTPB, R-PTP-BETA, VEPTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type B, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type B
External IDs	OMIM: 176882; MGI: 97809; HomoloGene: 2125; GeneCards: PTPRB; OMA:PTPRB - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q15 Start 70,515,870 bp[1] End 70,637,440 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10|10 D2 Start 116,275,523 bp[2] End 116,389,535 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell lower lobe of lung visceral pleura right lung right ventricle parietal pleura upper lobe of lung upper lobe of left lung epithelium of colon Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii Top expressed in right lung right lung lobe left lung external carotid artery internal carotid artery carotid body left lung lobe digastric muscle lumbar subsegment of spinal cord triceps brachii muscle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein tyrosine phosphatase activity phosphatase activity transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity protein binding phosphoprotein phosphatase activity hydrolase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane receptor complex integral component of plasma membrane membrane plasma membrane specific granule membrane tertiary granule membrane Biological process phosphate-containing compound metabolic process protein dephosphorylation angiogenesis dephosphorylation peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation neutrophil degranulation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5787 19263 Ensembl ENSG00000127329 ENSMUSG00000020154 UniProt P23467 B2RU80 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001109754 NM_001206971 NM_001206972 NM_002837 NM_001330204 NM_029928 RefSeq (protein) NP_001103224 NP_001193900 NP_001193901 NP_001317133 NP_002828 NP_084204 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 70.52 – 70.64 Mb Chr 10: 116.28 – 116.39 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

VE-PTP is a member of the classical protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. The deletion of the gene in mouse models was shown to be embryonically lethal,^[7] thus indicating that it is important for vasculogenesis and blood vessel development. In addition, it was shown to participate in adherens junctions complex and regulate vascular permeability.^[8][9] Recently, Soni et al. have shown that tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-PTP via Pyk2 kinase downstream of STIM1-induced calcium entry mediates disassembly of the endothelial adherens junctions.^[9]

Interactions

VE-PTP contains an extracellular domain composed of multiple fibronectin type_III repeats, a single transmembrane segment and one intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, thus belongs to R3 receptor subtype PTPs. The extracellular region was shown to interact with the angiopoietin receptor Tie-2^[6] and with the adhesion protein VE-cadherin.^[9][10]

VE-PTP was also found to interact with Grb2 and plakoglobin through its cytoplasmatic domain.

VE-PTP was also shown through proximity ligation assay to form a complex with VEGFR2,^[11][12] which is involved in regulation of angiogenesis and vascular permeability.^[13] Activation of VEGFR2 by VEGF was shown to induce complex dissociation, leading to increased VEGFR2 phosphorylation at tyrosine sites 1175 and 951 in immortalized endothelial cells.^[11][12]

Role in disease

Dysregulation of PTPRB correlates with the development of a variety of tumors. PTPRB promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).^[14]