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Panaeolus papilionaceus
Species of fungus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Panaeolus papilionaceus,[a] commonly known as Petticoat mottlegill, is a very common and widely distributed small brown mushroom that feeds on dung.
This mushroom is the type species for the genus Panaeolus.
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Description
The cap is 1–5 centimetres (1⁄2–2 in) across, obtusely conic then becoming campanulate, and grayish brown.[1] It is not hygrophanous and the margin is adorned with white toothlike partial veil fragments when young or towards the edge.[1] The flesh is thin.[2]
The gills are adnate to adnexed, close to crowded,[2] one or two tiers of intermediate gills, pale gray, acquiring a mottled, blackish appearance in age, with whitish edges. The spore print is black.[2]
The stipe is 6–12 cm by 2–4 mm, gray-brown to reddish brown, darker where handled, paler toward the apex, brittle,[1] fibrous, and pruinose.
The odor is mild and the taste unappetizing.
Microscopic features
The spores are 12–18 x 7–10 μm, elliptical, smooth, with an apical pore.
Basidia 4-sterigmate; abruptly clavate. Cheilocystidia abundant; subcylindric, often subcapitate or capitate.
Similar species
There are numerous lookalike species.[3]
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Habitat and formation
Occurring singly, gregariously, or caespitosely on cow/horse dung, moose droppings, and in pastures. Widely distributed in North America throughout the year, but only in warmer climates in winter. It can be found in countries including[4] Canada (Alberta,[5] British Columbia), the United States (Alabama, Alaska, California,[5] Colorado, Florida, Georgia,[5] Indiana,[5] Louisiana,[5] Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Montana,[5] New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Texas,[5] Washington),[5] the Caribbean (Bahamas, Cuba, San Vincent Island), Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, France, The Netherlands, Greece, Mexico,[5] Norway, Slovenia,[5] South Africa, Uganda, China, Iran, Lithuania, Kuwait, and the Philippines.
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Edibility
Panaeolus papilionaceus is inedible[6] and is not substantial. While similar-looking species, such as Psilocybe mexicana, contain psilocybin, P. papilionaceus does not.[7]
Gallery
P. papilionaceus var. papilionaceus
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See also
References
External links
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