Papilionanthe

Papilionanthe (abbreviated Ple.^[1]) is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, southern China, and the Indian Subcontinent.^[2][3] Papillionanthe species are leaf succulents resembling Curio repens (syn. Senecio repens, Kleinia repens).

Papilionanthe
Papilionanthe vandarum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Epidendroideae
Tribe:	Vandeae
Subtribe:	Aeridinae
Genus:	Papilionanthe Schltr.

Species

• Papilionanthe biswasiana (Ghose & Mukerjee) Garay – Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand
• Papilionanthe greenii (W.W.Sm.) Garay – Bhutan
• Papilionanthe hookeriana (Rchb.f.) Schltr. – Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra
• Papilionanthe pedunculata (Kerr) Garay – Cambodia, Vietnam
• Papilionanthe sillemiana (Rchb.f.) Garay – Myanmar
• Papilionanthe cylindrica (Lindl.) Seidenf.^[4] - India, Sri Lanka
• Papilionanthe teres (Roxb.) Schltr. – Yunnan, Bangladesh, Assam, Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalized in Fiji and Caroline Islands
• Papilionanthe tricuspidata (J.J.Sm.) Garay – Bali, Lombok, Timor
• Papilionanthe uniflora (Lindl.) Garay – Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
• Papilionanthe vandarum (Rchb.f.) Garay – Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, China

Formerly included taxa

• Papilionanthe subulata (Willd.) Garay from Borneo, Cambodia, Malaya, Thailand is a synonym of Thrixspermum filiforme
• Papilionanthe taiwaniana (S.S.Ying) Ormerod was formerly included as a species of the genus, but has since been re-classified as a hybrid of Papilionanthe teres and Luisia megasepala. It has been transferred to the nothogenus × Papilisia as × Papilisia taiwaniana (S.S.Ying) J.M.H.Shaw.^[5] Papilionanthe teres is not native to Taiwan, but has been introduced to the island. The other parent species Luisia megasepala is an endemic Taiwanese species.^[6][7]

Hybrids

Papilionanthe Miss Joaquim is a hybrid of Papilionanthe teres and Papilionanthe hookeriana. It is the national flower of Singapore.

Hybrids of Papilionanthe with other genera are placed in the following nothogenera:^[8]

• Papilionanda (Pda.) = Papilionanthe × Vanda
• × Papilisia = Papilionanthe × Luisia