Pebas Formation

Geological formation in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pebas Formationmap

The Pebas Formation is a lithostratigraphic unit of Miocene age, found in western Amazonia. The formation extends over 1,000,000 square kilometres (390,000 sq mi), including parts of Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia.[1] It is interpreted as representing the deposits of a lake ("Lake Pebas") or series of lakes, formed within the foreland basin of the Andes mountain belt. It is known for its abundant fossil ostracods and molluscs and an unusually diverse group of crocodylians.[2]

Quick Facts Underlies, Overlies ...
Pebas Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Aquitanian-Tortonian
(Colhuehuapian-Huayquerian)
~21–8 Ma
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The Pebas Mega-Wetland (or Lake Pebas), on the western side of this map, corresponds to the Pebas Formation
UnderliesMarañón Formation
OverliesChambira Formation
Area1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi)
Thickness~350–1,074 m (1,148–3,524 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySiltstone, mudstone
OtherCoal/lignite
Location
Coordinates7.4°S 75.0°W / -7.4; -75.0
Approximate paleocoordinates8.4°S 70.6°W / -8.4; -70.6
RegionAmazon Basin
Country Brazil
 Colombia
 Ecuador
 Peru
Type section
Named forPebas District
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Fossil content

Fish

More information Taxa, Species ...
TaxaSpeciesLocalityStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Anostomidae Indeterminate
Hydrolycus[3] cf. H. sp.
Leporinus[3] L. sp.
Pristis[3] P. sp.
Potamotrygon[3] P. sp.
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Insects

More information Taxa, Species ...
TaxaSpeciesLocalityStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Macroteleia M. yaguarum A parasitoid wasp.
Sycorax S. peruensis Relatives of moth flies and sand flies.
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Mammals

More information Taxa, Species ...
TaxaSpeciesLocalityStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Dinomyidae D. sp. A hystricognath rodent.
Octodontoidea Indeterminate. A hystricognath rodent.
Neoepiblema[5] N. sp. A hystricognath rodent.
Pebanista P. yacuruna Rio Napo. A nearly complete skull. A platanistid river dolphin.
Pseudoprepotherium P. sp. Rio Napo A ground sloth.
Potamarchus P. sp A hystricognath rodent.
Parapropalaehoplophorus P. sp a glyptodont
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Reptiles

More information Taxa, Species ...
TaxaSpeciesLocalityStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Caiman C. wannlangstoni Locality IQ26 and IQ114 A well-preserved partial skull. An extinct caiman
Gavialoidea Indeterminate.
Gnatusuchus G. pebasensis Locality IQ114, IQ116, and IQ125 Upper A nearly complete skull. A clam eating caiman.
Gryposuchus G. pachakamue Locality IQ101 A gavialid crocodilian.
Kuttanacaiman K. iquitosensis Locality IQ26 and IQ116 Middle nearly complete skull and mandibles. A small caiman.
Chelus C. colombianus Pieces of shell bones and scutes A slightly larger species of mata mata, reaching an estimated shell length of up to a meter.
Mourasuchus M. atopus Locality IQ114
Paleosuchus P. sp.
Podocnemis P. sp.
Purussaurus P. neivensis Locality IQ26 and IQ114 Skull and teeth. A giant caiman.
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Correlations

Laventan

More information Formation, Honda ...
Laventan correlations in South America
FormationHondaHondaAisolCura-MallínPiscoIpururoPebasCapadareUrumacoInésParanáMap
BasinVSMHondaSan RafaelCalderaPiscoUcayaliAmazonFalcónVenezuelaParaná
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Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
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Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation (South America)
Country Colombia Bolivia Argentina Chile Peru Venezuela Argentina
Boreostemma
Hapalops
Miocochilius
Theosodon
Xenastrapotherium
Mylodontidae
Sparassodonta
Primates
Rodents
Birds
Terror birds
Reptiles
megalodon
Flora
Insects
EnvironmentsFluvialFluvio-deltaicFluvio-lacustrineFluvio-deltaicFluvial
Laventan volcanoclastics

Laventan fauna

Laventan flora
VolcanicYes
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Huayquerian

More information Formation, Cerro Azul ...
Huayquerian correlations in South America
FormationCerro AzulItuzaingóParanáCamachoRaigónAndalhualaChiquimilLas FloresMaimaráPaloPebasMuyuRosaSaldungaraySalicasUrumacoMap
BasinColoradoParanáHualfínTontalAndesSaltaAmazonHuasiAltiplanoBAVelascoFalcón
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Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation
Pebas Formation (South America)
Country Argentina Uruguay Argentina Brazil
 Peru
 Bolivia Argentina Venezuela
Cardiatherium
Lagostomus
Macroeuphractus
Proeuphractus
Pronothrotherium
Pseudotypotherium
Thylacosmilus
Xotodon
Macraucheniidae
Primates
Rodents
Reptiles
Birds
Terror birds
Flora
EnvironmentsAeolian-fluvialFluvio-deltaicFluvialFluvio-lacustrineFluvialFluvio-lacustrineFluvio-deltaic
Huayquerian volcanoclastics

Huayquerian fauna

Huayquerian flora
VolcanicYes
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References

Further reading

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